طبقه‌بندی کاربری اراضی و تعیین الگوی تغییرات سال‌های 1393 تا 1396 با استفاده از داده‌های سنجنده OLI

آب و خاک

مقاله 5، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 69، فروردین 1399، صفحه 55-71   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v34i2.74878

نویسندگان

سید بهروز حسینی¹؛ علی صارمی^{* 2}؛ محمد حسین نوری قیداری³؛ حسین صدقی⁴؛ علیرضا فیروزفر⁵

¹دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی-واحد علوم و تحقیقات- تهران

²دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات. تهران

³آزاد اسلامی- واحد زنجان

⁴دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران،تهران،ایران

⁵دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

بررسی تغییرات کاربری اراضی، یکی از مهم‌ترین جنبه‌های مدیریت منابع طبیعی و بازنگری در تغییرات محیطی است. با افزایش نیاز به تأمین مواد غذایی و ملزومات زندگی بشر، تغییراتی در سطح زمین ایجاد می‌شود که می‌تواند موجب تخریب اراضی و منابع موجود در آن گردد. این تغییرات، در اثر تقابل نیازهای همیشگی جوامع انسانی و محیطی با زمین ایجاد می‌شود. در تحقیق حاضر با استفاده از تکنیک سنجش از دور، تغییرات کاربری اراضی منطقه طارم (در شمال‌غرب ایران) در بازه زمانی بین سال‌های 1393 تا 1396 با استفاده از تصاویر لندست 8 مورد پایش قرار گرفت. تصحیحات اتمسفری به‌وسیله الگوریتم FLAASH در نرم‌افزار ENVI 5.3 انجام شد و از روش طبقه‌بندی نظارت شده حداکثر درست‌نمایی، برای تولید نقشه‌های کاربری اراضی در پنج طبقه (شامل اراضی بایر، جنگل و باغ، پهنه سنگی، زراعت و پیکره آبی) استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که نقشه‌های تهیه شده برای سال‌های 1393 و 1396، به‌ترتیب دارای دقت کلی 16/92 و 19/89 درصد بود. آماره کاپای این تصاویر نیز به‌ترتیب 89/0 و 85/ محاسبه شد که در محدوده قابل قبول می‌باشد. در منطقه طارم، بیش‌ترین مساحت محدوده مطالعاتی، متعلق به پهنه کوهستانی است (بیش از 70 درصد مساحت منطقه) و مشخص گردید که بیش‌ترین تغییرات در کاربری اراضی (کاهش 83 کیلومتر مربع)، متعلق به اراضی بایر و مراتع بود که در طی سه سال، تبدیل به باغات گردیده و در آنها درختکاری (عموماً درخت زیتون، گردو و انار) انجام شده است. علت تغییرات ذکر شده، رهاسازی آب از سد بالادست منطقه مورد مطالعه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آماره کاپا؛ تصاویر ماهواره‌ای؛ کاربری اراضی طارم؛ لندست 8؛ نرم‌افزار ENVI

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