وضعیت ماده آلی خاک در توده‌های جنگلی ارسباران

آب و خاک

مقاله 9، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 69، فروردین 1399، صفحه 115-127  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v34i1.80633

نویسندگان

حسین رضائی ¹؛ علی اصغر جعفرزاده¹؛ احمد علیجانپور²؛ فرزین شهبازی¹؛ خلیل ولیزاده کامران¹

¹دانشگاه تبریز

²دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

با توجه به نقش­های مهم ماده آلی خاک در اکوسیستم، ضروری است که وضعیت آن در شرایط مختلف محیطی مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. بر این اساس مطالعه حاضر در زیر حوضه کلیبرچای سفلی از جنگل­های ارسباران با مطالعه پنج خاکرخ شاهد در بخش­های محیطی متمایز شده برمبنای توزیع تیپ­های جنگلی در امتداد یک نیمرخ ارتفاعی انجام شد. ضمن تجزیه­های مرسوم خاک، شناسایی نوع آن و مطالعه وضعیت ماده آلی، به­عنوان هدف اصلی تحقیق، با بررسی مقدار ماده آلی خاک، توان ترسیب کربن آلی آن و مطالعه میکرومرفولوژیک شکل­های بقایای آلی تکمیل گردید. نتایج بیان­گر تغییر نوع خاک از انتی­سول، اینسپتی­سول و آلفی­سول به مالی­سول با کاهش ارتفاع بود. در روندی مشابه، همگام با افزایش تکامل خاک میزان ترسیب کربن آلی آن نیز افزایش یافت امّا مقدار ماده آلی روندی عکس به­دلیل نوع فرآیندهای دخیل در تجزیه بقایا در نواحی مختلف نشان داد. با توجه به امکان روی دادن انواع فرآیندهای فیزیکی و بیوشیمیایی تحت شرایط مختلف محیطی، در نواحی مرتفع شکل­های دست­نخوررده بقایای آلی به­عنوان شکل غالب شناخته شدند امّا با کاهش ارتفاع غالبیت در اختیار شکل­های کاملاً تجزیه شده بود. در محدوده و مقیاس مورد مطالعه عامل ارتفاع با توجه به اثرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم خود به­عنوان اصلی­ترین فاکتور محیطی کنترل کننده وضعیت ماده آلی خاک تشخیص داده شد. در نهایت نتیجه شد با توجه به ارتباط بین نوع خاک، مقدار ماده آلی، توان ترسیب کربن آلی خاک و شکل­های بقایای آلی می­توان از شناسایی خاک­ها و توزیع آن­ها در مدیریت منطقه­ای کربن آلی خاک نیز استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارسباران؛ بقایای آلی؛ ترسیب کربن؛ رده خاک؛ نیمرخ ارتفاعی

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