The purpose of this article is to explore the thoughts of Jurgen Habermas. To do so, the writer begins with .a biography of Habermas, and ends with a description of his role as the main architect of the new critical theory. The writer discusses the following main concepts and themes: revising the views of the predecessors, labor and language, general view oF knowledge, a new classification of knowledge, position and role of sciences and hermeneutics. criticism of certain views of Karl Marx. historical materialism, evolution, criticism of certain views of Marx Weber, rationalism, modernity, criticism in the service of social development, theory of systems and rationalization. modernity costs, reconstruction costs, cultural barrenness, new social movements, criticism as a duty, revealing the distorted situations, the ideal status of discourse, an analysis oF the modern capitalism, negative Utopia, the theory of crises, maladies of the world of life. in defense of modernism. |