ارزیابی پیامد‌های درونی‌سازی اثرات جانبی آلودگی آب بر مدیریت کمی و کیفی حوضه آبریز زاینده‌رود

مجله اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقاله 7، دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 49، مهر 1399، صفحه 341-356   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead2.vi0.86889

نویسندگان

حدیث کاوند¹؛ سامان ضیایی^{* 1}؛ مصطفی مردانی نجف آبادی²

¹گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

²گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

بروز چالش‌های اخیر در وضعیت منابع آبی حوضه آبریز زاینده‌رود، منجر به آن گردیده است که زاینده‌رود نیز از آلودگی آب در امان نماند و تامین آب با کیفیت مناسب به عنوان یک چالش‌ اساسی در این حوضه محسوب گردد. از این‌رو ارائه یک الگوی کشت هدفمند از طریق کاهش اثرات جانبی آلودگی مصرف آب ناشی از فعالیت‌های کشاورزی برای حوضه آبریز رودخانه زاینده‌رود می‌تواند نقش موثری در مدیریت کمی و کیفی منابع آب حوضه ایفا نماید. برای این منظور مدل شبیه‌سازی هیدرولوژیکی (مدل WEAP) با مدل بهینه‌یابی اقتصادی تلفیق و در مرحله‌ی بعد، اثرات جانبی آلودگی آب با استفاده از مدل SWAT شبیه‌سازی و به‌عنوان ورودی و یک محدودیت زیست‌محیطی به مدل یکپارچه سطح حوضه اضافه شده است. داده‌های مورد نیاز این الگو به سه شیوه تحقیق پیمایشی، مطالعات و گزارشات اسنادی و استفاده از نظرات کارشناسان و خبرگان طی سال‌های آماری 91-1390 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی در الگوی بهینه اقتصادی نشان داد که می‌توان با بکارگیری سیاست‌های حفاظت منابع آب، اثرات تغییر اقلیم در منطقه را تعدیل بخشید. همچنین مقایسه الگوی بهینه اقتصادی و اقتصادی-زیستی نشان داد که می‌توان ضمن بهبود بازده برنامه‌ای به میزان 12 میلیون ریال، میزان تلفات نیترات کمتر از حد مجاز در سطح حوضه را تحقق بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آلودگی آب؛ الگوی بهینه کشت؛ شبیه‌سازی هیدرولوژیکی؛ مدل یکپارچه اقتصادی-زیستی

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