اثر اسید سالیسیلیک بر کاهش خسارت سرمازدگی بهاره در برخی ارقام ویتیس وینیفرا و ویتیس ریپاریا

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 1، دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 47، پاییز 1399، صفحه 361-376  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v34i3.74924

نویسندگان

اسماء عباسی کاشانی؛ علی عبادی ؛ محمدرضا فتاحی مقدم؛ مجید شکرپور

تهران

چکیده

انگور یکی از میوه‌های مناطق معتدله است که اغلب در اثر سرمازدگی بهاره دچار صدمه می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر بمنظور بررسی اثر اسیدسالیسیلیک بر کاهش صدمه ناشی از سرمازدگی بهاره در ارقام انگور بی‌دانه سفید، پرلت و گونه ریپاریا، بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. اسیدسالیسیلیک با غلظت‌های صفر (شاهد)، 5/0 و 1 میلی‌مولار در دو مرتبه در مرحله 5-4 برگی و با فاصله زمانی 24 ساعت روی نهال‌های دوساله گلدانی محلولپاشی گردید. پس از 24 ساعت، عامل دما در سه سطح شامل عدم سرما (گلخانه با دمای طبیعی)، دماهای صفر و 2- درجه سانتی‌گراد به مدت 8 ساعت اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش شدت تنش سرما تا 2- درجه سانتی گراد درصد سوختگی شاخه افزایش و درصد زنده‌مانی جوانه های باقی مانده کاهش یافت، همچنین تحت این شرایط صدمه به غشاء سلولی و در نتیجه نشت یونی و تولید مالون دی آلدهید افزایش نشان داد. کاربرد اسیدسالیسیلیک با غلظت 1 میلی‌مولار باعث کاهش صدمه به شاخه و افزایش قدرت بازیابی نهال‌ها گردید و کمترین میزان نشت الکترولیتی (18 درصد) و مالون دی آلدهید (15/0 نانومول بر گرم وزن تر) نیز در این غلظت مشاهده شد. همچنین افزایش غلظت پرولین (6/193 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر) و ترکیبات فنولی (6/26 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر) و حداکثر تجمع کربوهیدرات‌های محلول (3/12 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر) در تیمار یک میلی‌مولار اسیدسالیسیلیک اتفاق افتاد. بنظر می‌رسد اسیدسالیسیلیک توانسته است منجر به کاهش صدمات ناشی از تنش سرما به غشای سلول‌ها شده و با افزایش قدرت بازیابی نهال‌های تحت تنش، اثرات منفی سرمازدگی را بهبود بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید سالیسیلیک؛ انگور؛ سرمازدگی بهاره

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