اثر روش‌های کاربرد و منابع مختلف کود آهن بر پارامترهای رویشی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی در سیستم آب‌کشت

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 9، دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 47، آذر 1399، صفحه 465-479   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v34i3.82785

نویسندگان

مهدی مرادی^{* 1}؛ حمیدرضا روستا²؛ احمد استاجی²

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان

چکیده

به­منظور تعیین بهترین روش کاربرد و نوع کود آهن بر جذب و تاثیر آن بر فرآیند فتوسنتز و رشد گیاه گوجه­فرنگی، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با روش کاربرد کود (اضافه کردن به محیط ریشه و محلول پاشی) و نوع کود آهن (FeSO4، Fe-DTPA، Fe-EDTA و Fe-EDDHA) با 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که ارتفاع، وزن تر و وزن خشک گیاه تحت تاثیر روش کاربرد و نوع کود آهن قرار گرفت، به طوری که بیشترین و کمترین مقدار پارامترهای مذکور به ترتیب در تیمار Fe-EDTA در محیط ریشه و محلول­پاشی FeSO4 بدست آمد. مقدار آهن ریشه و شاخساره گیاه نیز تحت تاثیر نوع کود آهن و روش کاربرد قرار گرفت به­طوری که تیمار Fe-EDTA در محیط ریشه و محلول­پاشی آن به ترتیب بیشترین مقدار آهن ریشه و شاخساره را به خود اختصاص داد. همچنین عناصر میکرو و برخی از عناصر پرمصرف نظیر منیزیم و فسفر تحت تاثیر نوع کود و روش کاربرد عناصر قرار گرفتند. با توجه به تاثیر معنی­دار کودهای مذکور و روش کاربرد، حداکثر محتوای کلروفیل (a، b و کل)، نسبت کلروفیل فلورسانس متغیر به حداکثر (Fv/Fm) و شاخص کارایی دستگاه فتوسنتزی (PI) برگ­های جوان و پیر در تیمارFe-EDTA  از طریق ریشه بدست آمد و بیشترین مقدار کارتنوئید و قندهای محلول به ترتیب در تیمار FeSO4 در محیط ریشه و محلول پاشی آن بدست آمد. لذا با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش، کود آهن Fe-EDTA بیشترین تاثیر را نسبت به سایر منابع آهن بر رشد رویشی گوجه­فرنگی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آب‌کشت؛ تغذیه؛ گوجه‌فرنگی؛ منابع آهن

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