تأثیر باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر فعالیت برخی آنزیم‌های منطقه ریزوسفر تحت تنش سرب و کادمیم

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 34، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 74، زمستان 1399، صفحه 1243-1255  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v34i6.85576

نویسندگان

سمانه عبداللهی ¹؛ احمد گلچین²؛ فاطمه شهریاری³

¹دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

²استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

³استادیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های منطقه ریزوسفر یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زنجان اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل سه رقم کلم، شامل کلم زینتی (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.)، کلم برگ (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) و کلم بروکلی (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) و شش سطح تلقیح با باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه‎، شاملPseudomonas putida PTCC1694، Bacillus megaterium PTCC1656، Bacillus subtilis PTCC1715،p roteus vulgaris PTCC1079 ، Azotobacter chroococcum و یک تیمار بدون تلقیح بود. به منظور بررسی دقیق‌تر منطقه ریزوسفری از ریزوباکس استفاده و سه عدد نشاء کلم در قسمت مرکزی هر ریزوباکس (منطقه ریزوسفری) کشت گردید. پس از گذشت سه ماه گیاه کلم برداشت و فعالیت آنزیم‌های فسفاتاز قلیایی، فسفاتاز اسیدی، اوره‌آز و دی‌هیدروژناز در خاک ریزوسفری اندازه‌گیری گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که رقم کلم، گونه باکتری‌ و اثرات متقابل آن‌ها تأثیر معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد (01/0>p) بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های منطقه ریزوسفر داشتند. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم‌های‌ فسفاتاز قلیایی و اسیدی مربوط به خاک ریزوسفری تلقیح شده با باکتری P. putida، بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم‌‌ اوره‌آز مربوط به خاک ریزوسفری تلقیح شده با باکتری A. chroococcum و بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم دی‌هیدروژناز مربوط به خاک ریزوسفری تلقیح شده با باکتری B. subtilis بود. بر این اساس می‌توان گفت حضور باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه در خاک می‌تواند اثرات سمی فلزات سنگین بر گیاه را تعدیل و فعالیت برخی از آنزیم‌های کلیدی برای رشد گیاه در خاک ریزوسفری را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم؛ اوره‌آز؛ دی‌هیدروژناز؛ ریزوباکس؛ فسفاتاز قلیایی؛ فسفاتاز اسیدی

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