ارزیابی کارکرد زیست‌محیطی پخش‌سیلاب از نظر ترسیب کربن در خاک و گیاه

آب و خاک

مقاله 10، دوره 34، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 74، بهمن 1399، صفحه 1323-1336   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2020.15049.0

نویسندگان

محمدجواد روستا^{* 1}؛ کوکب عنایتی²؛ سید مسعود سلیمان پور²؛ کورش کمالی³

¹مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس

²بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس

³بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

چکیده

ارزیابی نقش آبخوان­داری در ترسیب دی­اکسید­کربن موجود در هوا به شکل کربن آلی، هدف این پژوهش بود. با نمونه­برداری از خاک و گیاهان در کاربری­های جنگل دست کاشت اوکالیپتوس با و بدون پخش­سیلاب و جنگل دست کاشت آکاسیا همراه با پخش­سیلاب، مرتع بدون پخش­سیلاب و مرتع با پخش­سیلاب، مقدار کربن آلی اندازه­گیری گردید و در نهایت کل ترسیب کربن محاسبه شد. داده­ها، در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با استفاده از نرم­افزار SAS تجزیه و تحلیل آماری شد و میانگین­ها با آزمون دانکن در سطح 5 درصد مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تأثیر کاربری­های مختلف بر مقدار کربن آلی و ترسیب کربن در خاک و گیاه در سطح یک درصد معنی­دار شد. جنگل­کاری با اوکالیپتوس کامالدولنسیس همراه با پخش سیلاب، میزان کربن­آلی خاک را از 51/0 درصد در شاهد (اوکالیپتوس بدون پخش­سیلاب) به 68/1 درصد در نوار اول جنگل اوکالیپتوس افزایش داد (29/3 برابر). با محاسبه­ی میانگین عرصه­هایی که در آن­ها اوکالیپتوس کاشته شده بود، مشخص شد بیشترین کربن به­میزان 84/121 تن در هکتار در این کاربری در درختان، لاشبرگ و در خاک (تا عمق 30 سانتی­متر) زیر پوشش آن­ها ذخیره شده است. با توجه به این که هر تن کربن، معادل 67/3 تن دی­اکسید­کربن است، می­توان نتیجه گرفت که هر هکتار از جنگل اوکالیپتوس 15/447 تن دی­اکسید­کربن هوا را به­صورت ماده­ی آلی ذخیره کرده است. ارزش اقتصادی مقدار کربن ذخیره شده معادل 76/3 میلیارد ­ریال در هکتار محاسبه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آکاسیا؛ اوکالیپتوس؛ پخش‌سیلاب؛ ذخیره‌ی کربن؛ فارس

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