پیش بینی بهزیستی روان شناختی از طریق بررسی نقش عفو و گذشت و سپاسگزاری

پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره

مقاله 1، دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 19، شهریور 1399، صفحه 5-19   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/tpccp.2020.39360

نویسندگان

علیرضا هوشمند کنگ سفلی¹؛ مجید معینی زاده^{* 2}؛ سید محمد صالح طباطبایی¹

¹دانشجو/دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²استادیار/دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

هدف:در دهه‌های اخیر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا به‌ عنوان یک روش تأثیرگذار در حیطه روان‌شناسی قلمداد گردیده است. در این ‌بین عفو و گذشت و سپاسگزاری که موجب افزایش سطح سلامت روانی، جسمی و سازگاری اجتماعی افراد می شود، مورد نظر روان شناسان بوده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر بر آن است که تا چه حد عفووگذشت و سپاسگزاری می‌تواند بهزیستی روان‌شناختی افراد را پیش‌بینی کند.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع مطالعات توصیفی-همبستگی است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بوده است که از بین آن ها 211 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس به عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب گردیده است. به‌منظور جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مقیاس عفووگذشت هارتلند،  پرسشنامه سپاسگزاری و مقیاس بهزیستی روان‌شناختی ریف استفاده گردید.
یافته‌ها: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که عفووگذشت و سپاسگزاری با بهزیستی روان‌شناختی دانشجویان رابطه مثبت و معناداری دارد.  عفووگذشت و سپاسگزاری روی هم رفته توانسته‌اند 0.304 از تغییرات بهزیستی روان‌شناختی را پیش‌بینی کنند.با توجه به نتایج پژوهش متغیرهای سپاسگزاری (بتای برابر با 0.345) و عفووگذشت (بتای برابر با 0.306) به ترتیب نقش مؤثری در پیش‌بینی بهزیستی روان‌شناختی دانشجویان ایفا نموده اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عفو و گذشت؛ سپاسگزاری؛ بهزیستی روان‌شناختی

اصل مقاله

 

 

 

مراجع

 Abad, T. H. N., Kheyroddin, J. B., & Khosroshahi, J. B. (2012). Role of Psychological Capital in Psychological well-being by considering the moderating effects of social capital. Social Psychology Research, 1(4), 123-.

Ahadi, B., Setoudeh, M. B., & Habibi, Y. (2013). The comparison of psychological well-being and defense mechanisms in stuttereing and non stuttering students. Journal of School Psychology, 1(4), 6-.

Akhtar, S., & Barlow, J. (2018). Forgiveness therapy for the promotion of mental well-being: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 19(1), 107-122.

Baskin, T. W., & Enright, R. D. (2004). Intervention studies on forgiveness: A meta‐analysis. Journal of Counseling & Development, 82(1), 79-90.

Bozorgi, Z. D. (2017). The role of amnesty, gratitude and humility in predicting the mental well-being of the elderly. Positive Psychology Research, 3(2), 67-78.

Chen, Y., Harris, S. K., Worthington Jr, E. L., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2019). Religiously or spiritually-motivated forgiveness and subsequent health and well-being among young adults: An outcome-wide analysis. The journal of positive psychology, 14(5), 649-658.

Chopik, W. J., Newton, N. J., Ryan, L. H., Kashdan, T. B., & Jarden, A. J. (2019). Gratitude across the life span: Age differences and links to subjective well-being. The journal of positive psychology, 14(3), 292-302.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: An introduction. Journal of happiness studies, 9(1), 1-11.

Dewaele, J.-M., Chen, X., Padilla, A. M., & Lake, J. (2019). The flowering of positive psychology in foreign/second language teaching and acquisition research. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2128.

Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual review of psychology, 54(1), 403-425.

Disabato, D. J., Kashdan, T. B., Short, J. L., & Jarden, A. (2017). What predicts positive life events that influence the course of depression? A longitudinal examination of gratitude and meaning in life. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41(3), 444-458.

Eaton, J., Struthers, C. W., & Santelli, A. G. (2006). Dispositional and state forgiveness: The role of self-esteem, need for structure, and narcissism. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(2), 371-380.

Ebrahimabad, M. A., & Mamizade, M. (2018). An Investigation into the Role of Psychological Flexibility and Hardiness in Explaining Soldier's Psychological Well-Being. Research in Clinical Psychology and Counseling, 8(1), 37-51.

Ekhbarati, F. a. B., Simin. . (2016). Prediction of psychological well-being based on family performance and basic psychological needs of students. Journal of Principles of Mental Health, 18, 379-374.

Froh, J. J., Sefick, W. J., & Emmons, R. A. (2008). Counting blessings in early adolescents: An experimental study of gratitude and subjective well-being. Journal of School Psychology, 46(2), 213-233.

Froh, J. J., Yurkewicz, C., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Gratitude and subjective well-being in early adolescence: Examining gender differences. Journal of adolescence, 32(3), 633-650.

Jun, W. H., Lee, E. S., & Lee, K. L. (2015). Relationships among Gratitude, Depression, and Psychological Well-being in Clinical Nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 24(2), 136-144.

Kardas, F., Cam, Z., Eskisu, M., & Gelibolu, S. (2019). Gratitude, Hope, Optimism and Life Satisfaction as Predictors of Psychological Well-Being. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 82, 81-99.

Khanna, P., & Singh, K. (2016). Effect of gratitude educational intervention on well-being indicators among North Indian adolescents. Contemporary School Psychology, 20(4), 305-314.

Khodabakhsh, M. R., & Kiani, F. (2013). Forgiveness and reconsidering its role in nurses’ caring behavior and mental-physical health. Medical Ethics Journal, 7(23), 11-32.

Lambert, N. M., Fincham, F. D., & Stillman, T. F. (2012). Gratitude and depressive symptoms: The role of positive reframing and positive emotion. Cognition & Emotion, 26(4), 615-633.

Lazarus, R. S., & Lazarus, B. N. (1994). Passion and reason: Making sense of our emotions: Oxford University Press, USA.

Lee, E. S. (2016). Moderated effects of coping strategies in the relation between life stress and psychological well-being in university students. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, 30(3), 470-482.

McCullough, M. E., & van Oyen Witvliet, C. (2002). „The Psychology of Forgiveness”. W: Handbook of positive psychology, red. Charles R. Snyder, Shane J. Lopez, 446–458. In: New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Mehrinejad A, Y. M., & Keshavarz Sarghin M. (2012). The relationship between appreciation and coping styles. Quarterly Journal of New Thoughts on Education, 7(4), 95-113.

Moon, H., & Jung, M. (2020). The relationship between a disposition of gratitude, clinical stress, and clinical satisfaction in nursing students. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.

Nezlek, J. B., Krejtz, I., Rusanowska, M., & Holas, P. (2019). Within-person relationships among daily gratitude, well-being, stress, and positive experiences. Journal of happiness studies, 20(3), 883-898.

Norman, K. (2017). Forgiveness: How it Manifests in our Physical Health, Psychological Well-being and Longevity.

Parvaneh, E., Momeni, K., Parvaneh, A., & Karimi, P. (2015). Predicted psychological well-being according to spiritual intelligence and hardiness of students female. Islam and health journal, 1(4 ), 14-20.

Robbins, B. D. (2008). What is the good life? Positive psychology and the renaissance of humanistic psychology. The humanistic psychologist, 36(2), 96-112.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 141-166.

Rye, M. S., & Pargament, K. I. (2002). Forgiveness and romantic relationships in college: Can it heal the wounded heart? Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(4), 419-441.

Ryff, C. D. (1995). Psychological well-being in adult life. Current directions in psychological science, 4(4), 99-104.

Ryff, C. D., Singer, B. H., & Dienberg Love, G. (2004). Positive health: connecting well–being with biology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 359(1449), 1383-1394.

Sadoughi, M., & Hesampour, F. (2018). Predicting the Psychological Well-being of Kashan's Medical Sciences Students Based on Forgiveness Components. Iran Journal of Nursing, 30(110), 1-10.

Saraii, R. S., Amirshahi, M., Jouybari, L., & Sanagoo, A. (2017). The Relationship of Religious Beliefs and Psychological Well-being with Happiness in Psychology Students of Sari Islamic Azad University- 2016. Journal of Educational Studies (NAMA), 5(10), 13-19.

Shemshadi, H., Yazdi, S. M., & Banijamali, S.-S. (2018). The Effect of Training Program Based on Appreciation on Existential Anxiety among University students. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies, 14(1), 23-40.

Singh, H., & Sharma, U. (2018). Effect of forgiveness on psychological well-being. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(2), 258-262.

Slade, M. (2010). Mental illness and well-being: the central importance of positive psychology and recovery approaches. BMC health services research, 10(1), 1-14.

Soltani Benavandi, E., Khezri Moghadam, N., & Baniasadi, H. (2017). Investigating in Positive Psychology Variables: Foresight The Academic Buoyancy Based on The Meaning of Life. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 10(4), 277-287.

Thompson, L. Y., Snyder, C. R., Hoffman, L., Michael, S. T., Rasmussen, H. N., Billings, L. S., . . . Roberts, J. C. (2005). Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. Journal of personality, 73(2), 313-360.

Toussaint, L., Shields, G. S., Dorn, G., & Slavich, G. M. (2016). Effects of lifetime stress exposure on mental and physical health in young adulthood: How stress degrades and forgiveness protects health. Journal of health psychology, 21(6), 1004-1014.

Toussaint, L. L., Shields, G. S., & Slavich, G. M. (2016). Forgiveness, stress, and health: A 5-week dynamic parallel process study. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 50(5), 727-735.

Van der Wal, R. C., Karremans, J. C., & Cillessen, A. H. (2016). Interpersonal forgiveness and psychological well-being in late childhood. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly (1982-), 62(1), 1-21.

Wade, N. G., & Worthington Jr, E. L. (2005). In search of a common core: A content analysis of interventions to promote forgiveness. Psychotherapy: Theory, research, practice, training, 42(2), 160.

Wulandari, I., & Megawati, F. E. (2020). The Role of Forgiveness on Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents: A Review. Paper presented at the 5th ASEAN Conference on Psychology, Counselling, and Humanities (ACPCH 2019).

Yárnoz-Yaben, S., Garmendia, A., & Comino, P. (2016). Looking at the bright side: Forgiveness and subjective well-being in divorced Spanish parents. Journal of happiness studies, 17(5), 1905-1919.