واکنش عملکرد ارقام گلرنگ(Carthamus tinctorius L.) به کاربرد فسفر وشاخص‌های کارایی آن

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

دوره 18، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 60، دی 1399، صفحه 477-488   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2021.37185.0

نویسندگان

کامران میرزاشاهی^{* 1}؛ منصور معیری²؛ فریدون نورقلی پور³

¹بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، دزفول

²پژوهش بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، دزفول

³موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر فسفر بر عملکرد دانه و شاخص‌های کارایی فسفر در ارقام گلرنگ، این آزمایش به‌‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دو عامل الف) فسفر در پنج سطح صفر، 50، 100، 150و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل و ب) ارقام "گلدشت و صفه"، در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی صفی‌آباد دزفول طی دو سال (1391 و 1393)، اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که برهمکنش تیمارها بر تعداد طبق بارور در متر مربع و تعداد دانه در طبق، معنی‌دار بود. در هر دو رقم با افزایش مصرف فسفر، صفات مذکور افزایش معنی‌داری یافت. بیشترین تعداد طبق بارور (252 عدد)، و تعداد دانه در طبق (17/23 عدد)، در سطح 150 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار به‌دست آمد. برهمکنش سال در فسفر بر وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه و برهمکنش سال در رقم بر وزن هزار دانه معنی‌دار گردید. بیشترین وزن هزار دانه(41/42 گرم)، و عملکرد دانه (2184 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، با مصرف 100 کیلوگرم فسفر در هکتار حاصل گردید. رقم صفه با عملکرد دانه و روغن، 1979 و 599 کیلوگرم در هکتار، برتر از رقم گلدشت بود. مصرف فسفر باعث کاهش معنی‌دار کارایی مصرف (69 درصد)، و جذب (85 درصد)، گردید. لذا، با توجه به بیشترین نسبت فایده به هزینه (51/35)؛ مصرف 50 کیلوگرم فسفر با بیشترین شاخص کارایی مصرف و جذب (به‌ترتیب 7/0 و 69/0 کیلوگرم در کیلوگرم)، و نیز انتخاب رقم صفه، قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اجزای عملکرد؛ کارایی مصرف فسفر؛ گلرنگ؛ نسبت فایده به هزینه

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