تأثیر بازارچه‌های مرزی در توسعه و رفاه مناطق مرزنشین (نمونه موردی: بازارچه مرزی شوشمی نوسود)

پژوهش ‎های جغرافیای سیاسی

مقاله 4، دوره 5، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 18، مرداد 1399، صفحه 74-96   

نوع مقاله: مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): Doi:org/10.22067/pg.v5i2.86790

نویسندگان

سید هادی زرقانی¹؛ ساجد بهرامی جاف^{* 2}؛ ریحانه صالح آبادی³؛ محبوبه شهبازی⁴

¹دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

³دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

⁴کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی آمایش سرزمین، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

مناطق مرزی از جمله فضاهای جغرافیایی هستند که با وجود ظرفیت­های بالایی که دارا می­باشند گاهاً متناسب با شرایط خاصی که دارند این ظرفیت­ها نادیده گرفته شده­اند. این مناطق به دلایل دوری از مرکز، انزوای جغرافیایی، و ... تفاوت‌های فاحشی ازنظر برخورداری از رفاه و توسعه با مراکز مرکزی دارند و ایجاد و فعالیت بازارچة مرزی می‌تواند باعث تعدیل رابطة یک‌سویه مرکز - پیرامون و بهبود رفاه منطقه­ای گردد. این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر بازارچة مرزی شوشمی بر توسعه و رفاه شهر نوسود در استان کرمانشاه با استفاده از روش توصیفی - تحلیلی پرداخته است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق مشتمل بر کلیه پیله‌وران، بازرگان و سایر متصدیان و همچنین شهروندان نوسود بوده است حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران 320 نفر انتخاب گردید و پرسش‌نامه بین آن‌ها توزیع شد. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات از نرم‌افزار  SPSS(کرونباخ، رگرسیون، همبستگی) و LISREL استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که به صورت کلی احداث بازارچه در ارتقای سطح رفاه شهر نوسود موثر بوده است، هر چند ککه در چند سال گذشته این سطح رفاه با افت مواجه بوده است. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از رگرسیون خطی، متغیر اقتصادی بیشترین ارتباط را با توسعه و رفاه مرزنشینان داشته، بر اساس برآورد ضرایب استانداردشده مدل ساختاری بر اساس تحلیل عاملی تأییدی تحقیق و سطح معنی­داری (α =0.076) به‌دست‌آمده و بعد کالبدی بیشترین اثرگذاری را در میان ابعاد دیگر داشته است؛ و نیز نتایج آزمون همبستگی نشان داد که مؤلفه اجتماعی بیشترین میزان همبستگی را با مؤلفه‌های تحقیق داشت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مرز؛ بازارچه مرزی؛ توسعه و رفاه؛ شوشمی - نوسود

مراجع

• Ahmadrash, R and Ahmadi, H. (2020). A qualitative study representing the consequences of the border economy in the lives of border residents of Kurdistan. Sociology of Economics and Development, 9 (2), 1-22. [In Persian].
• Andalib, A. (2001): Basic Theory and Principles of Border Management, IRGC Command School Publications, First Edition, Tehran. [In Persian].
• Badri, AS and Darban Astana, AS and Saadi, Q (2018); The effect of border markets on the promotion of socio-economic indicators of rural border areas; Journal of Geography and Development, No. 51, pp. 24-1. [In Persian].
• Bahrami Jaf, S , Salehabadi, R. Investigating the effects of corona on the security of border cities: A case study, Paveh city. IQBQ. 2020; 2 (2) :147-159. [In Persian].
• Bahrami Jaf, S. and Janparvar, M. and Salehabadi, R. and Mazandarani, D (2021). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Border Cooperation Case Study (Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan Region). Geography and Human Relations, 3 (4), 175-182. [In Persian].
• Bahrami Jaf, S. and Janparvar, M. and Salehabadi, R. and Mazandarani, D (2020). Factors Affecting the Continuation of Colberry in Paveh Border Villages with Scenario Approach. Human Geography Research, Volume 53, Number 3, pp. 22-1. [In Persian].
• Bahrami Jaf, S. and Mousavi, M. and Shahbazi, M. and Alizadeh, F (2018); Investigating the process of population policy-making in the planning of border areas of Kermanshah province (1986 to 2016); Journal of Border Science and Technology, Ninth Volume, No. 3, pp. 90-65. [In Persian].
• Bahrami Jaf, S. and Shivarak, R. and Mazandarani, D (2021). Analysis of the function of the border bazaar in the development of border areas (Case study: Sheikh Saleh border bazaar). Geography and Human Relations, 3 (4), 511-531. [In Persian].
• Bashiri, H. (1998). Geographical Survey of Border Villages of Ardabil Province for Economic and Social Development with Emphasis on Political Issues, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tehran. [In Persian].
• Bayat Koohsar, F and Mohammadi, R and Gozmeh, AS (2016); Investigating the role of border markets in security, employment and development of border areas Case study: Malik Zabol border market; Journal of Border Studies, Fourth Year, No. 3, pp. 101-79. [In Persian].
• Chen, Xiangming. (2006). Beyond the reach of globalization: China’s border regions and cities in transition. Pp. 21-46 in Globalization and the Chinese City, edited by Fulong Wu. London: Routledge.
• Cussen, Mark P. CFP, CMFC, AFC (2008). The Difference Between Emerging And FrontierMarkets, International Markets.
• Dobler G (2014). Borderland actors: A typology and a conceptual framework. Paper presented at the Association of Borderlands Studies (ABS) World Conference, Joensuu, June 9.
• Eftekhari, A., Papoli, M. and Abdi, A. (2008), Assessing the Economic Impact of Border Markets, A Case Study of Sheikh Saleh Border Markets, Kermanshah Province, Geopolitical Quarterly, Fourth Year, No. 2. [In Persian].
• Ezzati, N. and Heidaripour, A. and Eghbali, N. (2011); The role and position of border area planning in the planning system (Case study: Iran border areas); Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, Volume 3, 4, pp. 197-179. [In Persian].
• Firoozjaei, M. (2005). Smuggling of goods and currency, first edition of Qanun Publishing, Tehran. [In Persian].
• Glassner,M&Fahrer,C(2010);Political Geography;USA:john Wiley and Sons.
• Hafeznia, M r and Janparvar, M (2017); Borders and globalization with a brief look at Iran's borders; Research Institute for Strategic Studies, Third Edition, Tehran. [In Persian].
• Hamzehpour, R. and Fakhri, Q (2017); An Analysis of the Role of Common Border Markets in Improving the Security of Border Areas (Case Study of Sardasht and Piranshahr Border Markets); Military Management Quarterly, Year 17, No. 3, pp. 140-103. [In Persian].
• Janparvar, M (2017); A new approach to cross-border studies (concepts, principles, theories); First Edition, Iran Geopolitical Association Publications, Tehran. [In Persian].
• Janparvar, M., Heydari, A., Bahrami Jaf, S. et al (2021). Analysis of kulbari's economic position in the northwest border villages of Iran (a study of paveh border villages). Volume (1), No (1), Year (2021-5) , Pages (4-15)
• Jerzy, L & Leonas, U (2015) ”The Concept of Multi-Functional Development of Cross-Border, Regions: Poland Case”Procedia Engineering Vol 122, Pages 65-70.
• Kenneth,V. den, B. Kenneth,B & Erik, D. 2018“ Cross-border reserve markets: network constraints in cross-border reserve procurement” Journal of Energy Policy,Vol 113, Pages 193-205.
• Khairuddin, Ro Daneshpour, A. and Razpour, M. (2016); Investigating and analyzing the challenges of sustainable spatial development in the border city of Baneh; Journal of Urban Research and Planning, Year 7, No. 25, pp. 84-63. [In Persian].
• Mehdizadeh, A. and Mehdizadeh, A. and Mohammadi Yeganeh, B. and Cheraghi, M. (2012); Assessing the economic effects of Mehran border bazaar on the development of rural areas, a case study, Mohsenabad village; Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, Twelfth Year, No. 25, pp. 96-79. [In Persian].
• Mir Lotfi, M, and Alavizadeh, M. and Jahan Tigh, H.A. (2016); Analysis of the radius of economic impact of the market Razi Malik on the villages of Sistan region; Quarterly Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development; Fifth Year, No. 3, pp. 101-85. [In Persian].
• Mohammadi, H and Pourfatemi, A.A. (2005), The Role of Border Markets in the Spatial Development of Border Areas, Geopolitical Quarterly, First Year, No. 1. [In Persian].
• Mousavi, M N (2013), Assessing the role of cross-border common markets in the development and welfare of border areas; The Case of Tamerchin Border Market, Journal of Geography and Development, Eleventh Year No. 33, pp. 70-55. [In Persian].
• Mousavi, M N and Zangiabadi, A. (2011), Development Planning of Border Cities - Case Study: West Azerbaijan Province, Sharia Toos Publications, Mashhad. [In Persian].
• Nebuhr, A. (2005) The impact of EU, enlargenment on Europesn border region, HWWA Discussio.
• Niebuhr A & Stiller, S (2002). Integration Effects in Border Regions: A Survey of Economic Theory and Empirical Studies, HWWA Discussion Paper, Hamburg Institute of International Economics.
• Parnian, H and Ziari, K and Mirhayi, M and Modiri, M (2017); Border development strategies with land management approach (Study area: Urmia - Salmas); Journal of Geographical Information, Volume 26, Number 104, pp. 184-173. [In Persian].
• Pena, S (2005). Recent Development in Urban Marginality Along Mexico, Northernborder, Journal of Habitat International, No29,PP 258- 301.
• Perescott .J,V; (1987),Political Frontiers and  Boundaries;London: Unwin  hyman ltd
• Rahmani Fazli, AS and Saeedi, AS (2015); Continuity of development and security of border research areas in semantics; Geography Quarterly, Thirteenth Year, No. 47, pp. 32-7. [In Persian].
• Rafieian, M. and Moloudi, J. and Meshkini, A. and Roknauddin Eftekhari, A. and Irandoost, K. (2014); Relationship between border function change and improving the situation around border cities (Baneh and Saqez cities); Journal of Urban Studies, No. 9, pp. 58-45.Romina, A. and Pour-Azizi, A. and Bayezi, i (2018); The effect of economic exchanges on the development of border cities, a case study of Piranshahr; Journal of Human Geography Research, Volume 50, Number 4, pp. 1065-1049. [In Persian].
• Saadati Jafarabadi, H and Ziraki, MR (2015); Feasibility study of border development and its role on border security A case study of the border market of Khorasan Razavi province with Afghanistan; Journal of Border Studies, Third Year, Fourth Issue, pp. 28-1. [In Persian].
• Sadeghi, M. and Rabiee, H. (2015); Analysis of the location of the optimal location of the border bazaar in rural settlements of Gonbad Kavous city; Quarterly Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, Fourth Year, No. 1, pp. 73-57. [In Persian].
• Shamaei, A. and Salehi, A. and Hosseinpour, M. (2015) Spatial analysis of the effects of border markets on the development of Baneh and Piranshahr cities; Journal of Spatial Planning, Fifth Year, No. 18, pp. 216-205. [In Persian].
• Speidell, L (2011). Frontier Market Equity Investing: Finding the Winners of theFuture, The Research Foundation of CFAInstitute, Frontier Market Asset Management.
• Taleshi, M and Golchini, Q (2018); Arrangement of border markets in western Iran Economic-physical model in the sustainability of small towns Case study of Siranband Baneh border market; Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, Year 10, Issue 3, pp. 395-381. [In Persian].
• Tayeb Nia, H. and Manouchehri, S. (2016); The role of border markets in the social and economic development of rural areas Case: villages of Khavar and Mirabad districts of Marivan city; Quarterly Journal of Space Economics and Rural Development, Volume 5, Number 1, pp. 172-147. [In Persian].
• Topaloglou, L& Petrakos, C (2006). The new economic geography of The Northern Greek Border regions, Paper Presented at 46th congress of theEuropean Regional Science Association, Volos, 26-28.
• Troebst, S (2010). Border Theories in Early Modern Europe, Eingeordnet unter, 6 (13), 3-12.
• Valiqlizadeh, A. and Hosseinnejad, A. (2016); Assessing the role of common border markets in the development and welfare of border areas (Case study: Siranband Baneh border market); Journal of Border Studies, Fourth Year, No. 4, pp. 21-1. [In Persian].
• Van der Veen, A. and Boot, D-L(19995). Cross- border Cooperation and European regional Policy. In, ed. H. Eskelinen and F. snickars, 75- 94.
• Wai, Y W (2017) Cross-Border Public Offering of Securities in Fostering an Integrated ASEAN Securities Market: The Experiences of Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand” Forthcoming Singapore Management University School of Law Research Paper No. Law Journal, pp. 1-56.
• Walther, O (2014). Borders, cross-border cooperation and freedom of movement in the Sahara-Sahel, in Bossard L (ed.) An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel: Geography, Economics and Insecurity. Paris, Organisation for EconomicGrowth and Development.
• Wilson, C (2015). The U.S.Mexico Border Economy in Transition, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars 96-3.
• Zarghani, H (2007), "Introduction to the Recognition of International Borders" with Emphasis on the Security-Law Enforcement Function of Borders "; Tehran: NAJA University of Law Enforcement Sciences. [In Persian].
• Zarghani, H., (2019); An Introduction to Sustainable Border and Border Security, Tehran: Iran Geopolitical Association Publications. [In Persian].
• Zarghani, H., Azami, H. and Mehdizad, p. (2011); Spatial political analysis of border bazaars (case study of Bashmaq Marivan border bazaar); Journal of Teacher of Humanities, Volume 16, Number One, pp. 23-1. [In Persian].
• Zarghani, H., Azami, H., Alamdar, A. (2014), Study and Analysis of the Role of Border Markets in the Physical Spatial Development of Border Areas 12, No. 23, pp. 194-176. [In Persian].