تحلیل عوامل محدود‌‌‌‌کننده عملکرد نخودفرنگی (Pisum sativum L.) در شرایط مدیترانه‌ای (مطالعه موردی: گنبدکاووس)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 24، دی 1400، صفحه 122-135   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v12i2.84317

نویسندگان

بهرام کمالی¹؛ علی راحمی کاریزکی^{* 2}؛ عباس بیابانی²؛ مهدی ملاشاهی²

¹دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

²دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی خلأ عملکرد نخود­­فرنگی (L. Pisum sativum) و تعیین عوامل محدودکننده عملکرد و سهم هر یک از آن­ها در ایجاد خلأ عملکرد، براساس اطلاعات جمع­آوری‌شده مربوط به مدیریت زراعی (45 متغیر) از 40 مزرعه در سطح شهرستان گنبد کاووس، استان گلستان در سال 97- 1396، تولید نخود­فرنگی با استفاده از روش تحلیل مقایسه کارکرد (CPA) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. عملکرد واقعی مزرعه و عملکرد پتانسیل، محاسبه‌شده با مدل به‌ترتیب برابر 7941 و 17708 کیلوگرم در هکتار و میزان خلأ عملکرد برابر 7/10078 کیلوگرم در هکتار برآورد شد. دلایل این خلأ عملکرد به ترتیب اهمیت عبارت بودند از: میزان بذر مصرفی (56/19 درصد)، میزان نیتروژن مصرفی (04/17 درصد)، دفعات مصرف علف‌کش (02/15 درصد)، مقدار پتاسیم قابل‌جذب در خاک (34/13 درصد)، مواد آلی خاک (81/12درصد)، مقدار فسفر قابل‌جذب در خاک (87/11 درصد)، تجربه کشاورز (36/10 درصد). بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد که با مدیریت صحیح مزارع و درنظرگرفتن عوامل خلأ عملکرد ذکرشده، می‌توان عملکرد نخودفرنگی در شهرستان گنبد را در حدود 7/10078 کیلوگرم در هکتار نسبت به عملکردهای فعلی کشاورزان، افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

خلأ عملکرد؛ عملکرد پتانسیل؛ علف‌کش؛ نیتروژن

مراجع

1. Abasian, A., Nakhzarimoghadam, A., Pirdashti, H., and Gholamalipour Alamdari, E. 2017. Effect of different garlic (Allium sativum) and peas (Pisum sativum) intercropping patterns on weed population i Journal of Weed Science 12(2): 222-235. (In Persian with English Summary).
2. Bagheri, E., Nezami, A., and Porsa, H., 2006. An analysis to pulse research strategies in Iran based on the first national pulse symposium approaches. Journal of Field Crops Research 4(1): 1-13. (In Persian with English Summary).
3. 2018. CIA World Fact Book. World POP Clock Projection. United State.
4. Connor, D.J., Loomis, R.S., and Cassman, K.G. 2011. Crop Ecology: Productivity and Management in Agricultural Systems. Cambridge University Press. 556 p.
5. Egli, D.B., and Hatfield, J.L. 2014. Yield gaps and yield relationships in central U.S. soybean production systems. Agronomy Journal 106(2): 560-566.
6. Espe, M.B., Yang, H., Cassman, K.G., Guilpart, N., Sharifi, H., and Linquist, B.A. 2016. Estimating yield potential in temperate high-yielding, direct-seeded US rice production systems. Field Crops Research 193: 123-132.
7. Gharineh, M.H., Bakhshandeh, A.M., Andarzian, B., and Fayezizadeh, N. 2012. Agro-climatic zonation ofKhouzestan province based on potential yield of irrigated wheat using WOFOST model. Agroecology 4: 255-264.(in Persian with English Summary).
8. Gorjizad, A., Dastan, S., Soltani, A., and Ajam Norouzi, H. 2019. Potential yield and yield gap associated with crop management in improved rice cultivars in Neka r Agroecology Journal 11(1): 277-294. (In Persian with English Summary).
9. Hajjarpour, A., Soltani, A., Zeinali, E., Kashiri, H., and Aynehband, A. 2017. Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum ) yield gap in Golestan province of Iran using comparative performance analysis (CPA) method. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 19(2): 86-101. (In Persian with English Summary).
10. Hajjarpour, A., Soltani, A., Zeinali, E., Kashiri, H., and Aynehband, A. 2018. Comparison of two methods for fitting boundary line in yield gap analysis: Case study of rainfed wheat in Golestan province. Journal of Crop Production 11(2): 19-33. (In Persian with English Summary).
11. Hochman, Z., Gobbett, D., Holzworth, D., McClelland, T., Van Rees, H., Marinoni, O., Garcia, J.N., and Horan, H. 2013. Reprint of quantifying yield gaps in rain-fed cropping systems: A case study of wheat in Australia. Field Crops Research 143: 65-75.
12. Lobell, D.B., Cassman, K.G., and Field, C.B. 2009. Crop yield gaps: their importance, magnitudes, and causes. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 34(1): 179-204.
13. Lu, C., and Fan, L. 2013. Winter wheat yield potentials and yield gaps in the North China p Field Crops Research 143: 98-105.
14. Main, C.L., Tomas Barber, L., Boman, R.K., Chapman, K., Dodds, D.M., Duncan, S., and Bronson, K.F. 2013. Effects of nitrogen and planting seed size on cotton growth, development, and yield. Agronomy Journal 105(6): 1853-1859.
15. Mansouri Rad, A., Nakhzari Moghadam, A., Soltani, A., Rahemi Karizaki, A., and Torabi, B. 2018. Identifying soybean yield-limiting factors by using comparative performance analysis (Case study: Golestan province-Kalaleh). Journal of Crops Improvement 19(4): 1033-1046. (In Persian with English Summary).
16. Mansouri Rad, E. 2012. Soybean Agriculture Final Report. Agricultural Jihad Management in Kalaleh city, 5 p. (in Persian).
17. Markarian SH., Najafi N., Aliasgharzad N., and Oustan, Sh. Interactive effects of Ensifer meliloti (Sinorhizobium meliloti) and phosphorus on some growth characteristics of alfalfa under soil water deficit conditions. Journal of Soil Biology 3(2): 163-177. (In Persian with English Summary).
18. Mirzashahi, K. 2017. Periodic study of soil organic carbon in plains of Khuzestan and providing e Journal of Land Management 5(1): 1-12. (In Persian with English Summary).
19. Moshrefi Araghi, A., Naderi, R., Babalar, M., and Taheri, M. 2014. Effect of different spraying levels of cycocle on vegetative growth and flowering of poinsettia pot plant (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd). Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture 5(1): 73-84. (In Persian with English Summary).
20. Nasiri Mahallati, M., and Koocheki, A. 2009. Agroclimatical zoning of wheat in Khorasan province: evaluation ofpotential and gap yield. Iranian Field Crop Researches 7: 965-702. (in Persian with English Summary).
21. Nekahi, M.Z., Soltani, A., Siahmarguee, A., and Bagherani, N. 2014. Yield gap associated with crop management in wheat (Case study: Golestan province-Bandar-Gaz). Journal of Crop Production 7(2): 135-156. (In Persian with English Summary).
22. Nezamzadeh, S.E., Soltani, A., Dastan, S., and Ajam Norouzi, H. 2019. Evaluation of yield gap associated with crop management in rapeseed productionusing comparative performance analysis (CPA) and boundaryline analysis (BLA) methods in Neka region. Applied Research in Field Crops 32(2): 76-107. (In Persian with English Summary).
23. Poori, K., Akbari, F., and Kamkar, B. 2012. The effect of different crop residues and soil compound on potassium concentration of leaf and wheat yield. Journal of Plant Production 19(4): 207-201. (In Persian with English Summary).
24. Pradhan, R. 2004. The effect of land and management aspects on maize yield. International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation Enschede (ITC). The Netherlands. 52 p.
25. Rezaei, A., and Soltani, A. 1998. An Introduction to Applied Regression Analysis. Isfahan University of Technology Press, Isfahan, Iran, ISBN: 964-6029-51-5. (in Persian).
26. Seyedi, M., Azadbakht, A., and Fesahat, A. 2018. Evaluation of growing properties, yield and component yield of three chickpea cultivar in waitng and spring sowing. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding 14(1): 73-86. (In Persian with English Summary).
27. Shahbazi, K., and Besharati, H. 2013. Overview of agricultural soil fertility status of Iran. Journal of Land Management 1(1): 1-15. (In Persian with English Summary).
28. Shokrgozar Darabi, M., Soltani, A., and Zeinali, A. 2019. Study of cotton yield gap with boundary-line analysis in the Aq-Qala and Ali Abad Katul cities in the Golestan province, Iran. Journal of Crop Production 11(3): 15-28. (In Persian with English Summary).
29. Soltani, A. 2006. Application of SAS in Statistical Analysis (Second Edition). JDM Press, Mashhad, Iran, ISBN: 964324137-8. (in Persian).
30. Soltani, A., and Galeshi, S. 2002. Importance of rapid canopy closure for wheat production in a temperature sub-humid environment: experimentation and simulation. Field Crops Research 77(1): 17-30.
31. Tavajjoh, M., Karimian, N., Ronaghi, A., Yasrebi, J., Hamidi, R., and Olama, V. 2016. Yield, yield components and seed quality of two rapeseed cultivars as affected by different levels of phosphorus and boron under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture 6 (4): 99-113. (In Persian with English Summary).
32. Torabi, B., Soltani, A., Galeshi, S., and Zeinali, E. Analyzing wheat yield constraints in Gorgan. Journal of Crop Production 4(4): 1-17. (In Persian with English Summary).
33. Van Ittersum, M.K., Cassman, K.G., Grassini, P., Wolf, J., Tittonell, P., and Hochman, Z. 2013. Yield gap analysis with local to global relevance-A review. Field Crops Research 143: 4-17.
34. Van Wart, J., Kersebaum, K.C., Peng, S., Milner, M., and Cassman, G. 2013. Estimating crop yield potential at regional to national scales. Field Crops Research 143: 34-43.
35. Wang, N., Jassogne, L., Van Asten, P.J.A., Mukasa, D., Wanyama, I., Kagezi, G., and Giller, K.E. 2015. Evaluating coffee yield gaps and important biotic, abiotic, and management factors limiting coffee production in Uganda. European Journal of Agronomy 63: 1-11.
36. Yousefian, M., Soltani, A., Dastan, S., and Ajamnoroozi, H. 2019. Documenting production process and the ranking factors causing yield gap in rice fields in Sari, Iran. Iran Agricultural Research. In press.
37. Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Liu, J., Han, S., Wang, Q., Evers, J., Liu, J., Werf, W., and Li, L. 2014. Plant density affects light interception and yield in cotton grown as companion crop in young jujube plantations. Field Crops Research 169: 132-139.