بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف ورمی‌کمپوست و سولفات مس بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 7، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 51، فروردین 1401، صفحه 115-132   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2021.20304.0

نویسندگان

محمدحسین امینی فرد^{* 1}؛ محبوبه عسگریان²؛ مهدی خیاط¹؛ مهدی جهانی³

¹گروه آموزشی علوم باغبانی و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

²گروه علوم باغبانی، گرایش فیزیولوژی گیاهان دارویی، ادویه‌ای و عطری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

³گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر ورمی‌کمپوست و سولفات مس بر برخی صفات رویشی و زایشی گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی، در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال زراعی96 - 1395 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل ورمی‌کمپوست در سه سطح (صفر، 5 و 10 تن در هکتار) و سولفات مس در سه سطح (صفر، 3 و 6 در هزار) با سه تکرار بودند. نتایج نشان داد، تیمارهای مورد بررسی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر تعدادشاخه جانبی، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد برگ در بوته، طول شاخه جانبی، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک داشت، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین تعدادشاخه جانبی (33/17)، وزن خشک بوته (83/14 گرم در مترمربع)، تعداد برگ در بوته (167)، طول شاخه جانبی (83/26 سانتی‌متر)، تعداد دانه در بوته (3/3854)، وزن هزار دانه (80/1 گرم)، عملکرد دانه (3350 کیلوگرم در مترمربع) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (3/20968 کیلوگرم در مترمربع) ریحان در تیمار پنج تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست و شش در هزار سولفات مس حاصل شد و برتری آن نسبت به شاهد به‌ترتیب 67، 51، 16، 43، 79، 26، 87 و 26 درصد بود. شاخص برداشت در تیمار پنج تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست و سه در هزار سولفات مس با 01/13 در بیشترین مقدار خود بود. به‌طور کلی، نتایج بیانگر تأثیر مثبت کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی و آلی ذکر شده بر خصوصیات کمّی و عملکرد گیاه ریحان بود و با توجه به نتایج، می‌توان تیمار شش در هزار سولفات مس و پنج تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست را به‌عنوان بهترین تیمار برای افزایش عملکرد این گیاه توصیه کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص برداشت؛ وزن هزار دانه؛ کود آلی؛ محلول‌پاشی

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