بررسی اثر آبیاری تلفیقی با آب شور بر عملکرد و خواص مورفولوژیکی گیاه کینوا

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 19، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 61، فروردین 1400، صفحه 49-59   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2021.37118.0

نویسندگان

صابر جمالی؛ حسین انصاری^*

گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر آبیاری با روش تلفیق آب شور و آب چاه بر عملکرد، خواص رشدی و بهره‌وری فیزیکی گیاه کینوا آزمایشی در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 6 تیمار (آب چاه با هدایت الکتریکی 2/1 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (شاهد FW)، آب شور با هدایت الکتریکی 15 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (SW)، اختلاط 50:50 آب شور با آب چاه با هدایت الکتریکی 2/7 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (MSW)، آبیاری یک در میان با آب شور و آب چاه (ASW)، شوری موضعی ثابت ریشه (FPRS) و شوری موضعی متناوب ریشه (APRS)) تحت شرایط گلخانه‌ای در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد با سه تکرار در سال 1397 اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدیریت‌های مختلف آبیاری بر بهره‌وری مصرف آب، شاخص برداشت، طول پانیکول، ارتفاع، قطر ساقه، وزن پانیکول و عملکرد دانه در بوته در سطح احتمال یک درصد و بر تعداد شاخه جانبی، عرض و تعداد پانیکول و وزن هزار دانه کینوا در سطح احتمال 5 درصد معنی‌دار شد. عملکرد دانه در مقایسه با استفاده از آب شور در کل فصل رشدی گیاه و به میزان 4/23 (ASW)، 0/18 (MSW)، 9/18 (APRS) و 7/2 درصد (FPRS) افزایش داشت. اعمال تیمارهای مدیریتی در آبیاری گیاه کینوا منجر به بهبود در بهره‌وری فیزیکی مصرف آب شده است، به‌طوری‌که اعمال تیمارهای ASW، MSW، FPRS و APRS نسبت به تیمار SW منجر به تغییرات مثبت و به میزان 0/25، 5/12، 8/3 و 0/25 درصد شد. در این پژوهش تیمارهای ASW و APRS با عملکرد و بهره‌وری مصرف آب بیشتر در شرایط اعمال آب شور در آبیاری تیمار بهینه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بهره‌وری فیزیکی؛ شوری موضعی ریشه؛ عملکرد دانه؛ مدیریت تناوبی؛ وزن هزار دانه

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