بررسی و تحلیل ماهیت قدرت نرم در سطح دولت-ملت ها

پژوهش ‎های جغرافیای سیاسی

مقاله 2، دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 22، مرداد 1400، صفحه 22-46   

نوع مقاله: مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/pg.2021.39642

نویسندگان

سیدجواد موسوی زارع¹؛ سید هادی زرقانی^{* 2}؛ مصطفی امیر فخریان³

¹دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

³استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‏ریزی شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

قدرت نرم و تجلی آن از جمله مباحثی است که به یاری جوزف نای به محافل دانشگاهی و سیاستگذاری راه پیدا کرده است.علیرغم اقبال گسترده به این مفهوم، عدم تبیین نظری دقیق از سوی نای، ابهامات متعددی را حول این شکل از قدرت رقم زده است.به طوریکه باوجود انبوهی از ادبیات، پژوهشگران هنوز درک کامل از ماهیت قدرت نرم ندارند. اینکه به واقع قدرت نرم چیست؟ و از چه عناصری شکل گرفته است؟ مسائلی است که هنوز پاسخ معتبری برای آنها یافت نشده .به همین منظور این پژوهش با اتکا بر نظریه داده بنیاد و تحلیل محتوا درصدد فهم عناصر موثر بر این قدرت در سطح دولت-ملت هاست.بر این اساس یافته های علمی پژوهش حاکی از این دارد اگر عناصر قدرت نرم را دستِ کم به منابع، ابزار، ذهنیت بازیگران، رفتار، آثار و حرکات بازیگران تحت اعمال قدرت محدود نماییم.در یک برداشت کلی قدرت نرم در سطح دولت- ملت ها عبارت است از: فرایندی که در آن محرک ها(منابع مادی و معنوی) یک کشور از طریق رفتار جذاب و در قالب ابزاری غیر خشونت آمیز(انواع و اشکال دیپلماسی)روی افکار مردم(نخبگان و عامه مردم) تاثیر گذاشته و موجب آثار، حرکات و رفتار و... در راستای تغییر ذهنیت و رفتار جامعه هدف، نسبت به کشور اعمال کننده می شود

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