بررسی اثرات پیرودکسین، تیامین و اسید فولیک بر ویژگی‌های رشدی، زایشی و بیوشیمیایی گوجه‌فرنگی (.Solanum lycopersicum L) رقم ’دلفوس‘

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 9، دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 50، شهریور 1400، صفحه 283-300   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.61961.0

نویسنده

محبوبه زمانی پور^*

گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ولایت، ایرانشهر، ایران

چکیده

ویتامین‌ها از مواد طبیعی ساخته شده­اند و به‌منظور رشد، عملکرد و بهبود سطح تغذیه گیاهان مناسب هستند. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف پیرودکسین (50، 100 و 150 میلی گرم بر لیتر)، تیامین (50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر)، اسید فولیک (50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر)، و ترکیب این ویتامین‌ها بر روی رشد، عملکرد و ویژگی‌های شیمیایی گیاه گوجه فرنگی . این پژوهش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر طی سال‌های 1398 تا 1399 اجرا شد. نتایج نشان دادند که تمامی غلظت‌های پیرودکسین، تیامین و اسید فولیک به کار برده شده سبب افزایش پارامترهای رشدی نسبت به شاهد شدند، و بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه (271 سانتی‌متر)، قطر ساقه (7 سانتی‌متر)، تعداد برگ (31 عدد)، وزن تر (502 گرم) و خشک گیاه (66/341 گرم) در غلظت 100 میلی گرم بر لیتر پیرودکسین+ 100 میلی گرم بر لیتر تیامین+ 100 میلی گرم بر لیتر اسید فولیک ایجاد شد. روابط متقابل سطوح ویتامین‌های B در سطوح کم، متوسط و زیاد اثر معنی‌داری بر پارامترهای زایشی گیاه گوجه فرنگی داشت، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین تعداد گل (33/41)، تعداد میوه (55/29)، تعداد خوشه (77/9)، قطر میوه (44/22 میلی‌متر)، وزن تر میوه (158 گرم)، وزن خشک میوه (81/10 گرم) و عملکرد (9667/5688 گرم در بوته) در غلظت 100 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر پیرودکسین، 100 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر تیامین و 100 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید فولیک مشاهده شد. هم­چنین، تمامی غلظت‌های به کار برده شده پیرودکسین، تیامین و اسید فولیک سبب افزایش پارامترهای بیوشیمیایی نسبت به شاهد شدند. بیشترین میزان pH (78/4)، اسیدیته (28/0 درصد)، مواد جامد محلول (93/3 درصد)، لیکوپن (64/2 میلی­گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر)، محتوای فنول کل (66/66 میلی­گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر)، ویتامین ث (36/13 میلی گرم بر 100 گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل a (98/1 میلی­گرم بر گرم وزن تر)، کلروفیل b (98/0 میلی­گرم بر گرم وزن تر) و کارتنوئید (33/3 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر) با کاربرد ترکیب 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر پیرودکسین، 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر تیامین و 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید فولیک به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تغذیه؛ رشد؛ عملکرد؛ گوجه فرنگی؛ ویتامین

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