تحلیل چندمعیاره مکانی تناسب اکولوژیک اراضی حوضه نازلوچای برای کاربری زراعت آبی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 3، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 52، تیر 1401، صفحه 219-233   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2021.20290.0

نویسندگان

وحیده پناه نژاد¹؛ ناصر احمدی ثانی^{* 2}؛ عبداله جوانمرد³

¹اگرواکولوژی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران.

²گروه زراعت و آگرواکولوژی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران

³گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

چکیده

حوضه نازلوچای در حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه، یکی از مناطق مهم برای کشاورزی در ایران است که استفاده نادرست از اراضی، اتلاف منابع آب و خاک را در پی داشته است. بنابراین، هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تناسب اکولوژیک برای کاربری زراعت آبی در بخشی از اراضی حوضه نازلوچای با مساحت 23314 هکتار با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چندمعیاره در قالب تحلیل سلسله مرتبی و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی می‌باشد. به­این منظور پارامترهای مؤثر بر ارزیابی تناسب اکولوژیک برای کاربری زراعت آبی شامل شکل زمین (شیب، جهت و ارتفاع)، خاک (بافت، حاصلخیزی، اسیدیته، عمق، زهکشی، فرسایش، شوری، درصد آهک و کربن آلی)، اقلیم (بارندگی، دما و رطوبت نسبی) و منابع آب (دبی آب) شناسایی، داده­های لازم جمع­آوری و نقشه­سازی در محیط سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی انجام شد. وزن­دهی معیارها و زیرمعیارها براساس نظرات کارشناسی (20 نفر) در قالب روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی انجام گرفت. واحدهای همگن با روی هم­گذاری نقشه‌های استاندارد شده زیرمعیارها و نقشه توان اکولوژیک با روش ترکیب خطی وزنی تهیه شد. نقشه تناسب اکولوژیک نشان داد که 42 درصد از منطقه فاقد توان، 5/28 درصد منطقه دارای بالاترین توان، 5/17 درصد سطح دارای توان متوسط و 12 درصد از منطقه دارای توان کم برای کشت­های زراعی آبی می‌باشد. در نقشه­های تناسب اکولوژیک و کاربری فعلی حدود 14 درصد عدم تطابق وجود دارد و در 86 درصد منطقه کاربری­های فعلی با توان طبیعی منطقه سازگاری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارزیابی چندمعیاره؛ تحلیل مکانی؛ کاربری اراضی؛ کشاورزی پایدار

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