تأثیر دور آبیاری، اسید هیومیک و محلول‌پاشی متانول بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه کاسنی (Cichorium intybus L.)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 19، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 61، فروردین 1400، صفحه 33-47   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2021.37115.0

نویسندگان

سید غلامرضا موسوی^{* 1}؛ حامد جوادی²

¹گروه زراعت، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران

²گروه علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

با هدف بررسی امکان افزایش کارایی مصرف آب و تحمل به کم‌آبی با کاربرد اسید هیومیک و محلول‌پاشی متانول و نیز تأثیر استفاده از این مواد در سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و عملکردی کاسنی آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بیرجند به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1394 اجرا شد. در این پژوهش، دور آبیاری در سه سطح (70، 140 و 210 میلی‌متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی، محلول‌پاشی با متانول در دو سطح (صفر و 21 درصد حجمی) و اسید هیومیک با دو سطح (صفر و 10 لیتر در هکتار) به‌عنوان فاکتورهای فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد برهمکنش دور آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی متانول بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد آکن در گیاه، تعداد دانه در گیاه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و کارایی مصرف آب دانه و برهمکنش دور آبیاری و اسید هیومیک بر ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه کاسنی در تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی متانول (2/57 گرم در متر مربع) و کاربرد اسید هیومیک (5/55 گرم در متر مربع) در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب حاصل شد، اما بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب دانه کاسنی از محلول‌پاشی متانول و در شرایط تنش متوسط کم‌آبی حاصل شد. به‌طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که جهت دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد دانه کاسنی می‌توان از آبیاری پس از 70 میلی‌متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر و محلول‌پاشی 21 درصد حجمی متانول یا کاربرد 10 لیتر در هکتار اسید هیومیک در منطقه بیرجند استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعداد آکن؛ تنش کم‌آبی؛ کارایی مصرف آب؛ مواد بهبوددهنده آلی و شیمیایی

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