تغییرات برخی ویژگی‌های بیوشیمیایی برگ انگور بیدانه قرمز متأثر از تنش خشکی و کاربرد برخی کودهای آلی و شیمیایی

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 8، دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 50، شهریور 1400، صفحه 267-281   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.61898.0

نویسندگان

آسیه صفری¹؛ اکرم فاطمی^{* 1}؛ محسن سعیدی²؛ زهرا کلاهچی³

¹گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه

²گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه

³گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

چکیده

انگور (Vitis vinifera) یکی از مهمترین محصولات باغی در دنیا و ایران به شمار می­رود. خشکسالی یکی از مهمترین عوامل محدود کننده رشد گیاه و تولیدات کشاورزی در سراسر جهان بخصوص در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک است. کاربرد کودهای آلی و شیمیایی به عنوان بهبود دهنده ویژگی­های خاک یکی از راهکارهای کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی می­باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد کمپوست، بایوچار و سولفات پتاسیم بر وزن خشک برگ، محتوای رطوبت نسبی برگ، کلروفیل a،b، کل،کاروتنوئید و عناصر برگ انگور رقم بیدانه قرمز در شرایط بدون تنش خشکی (در حد ظرفیت زراعی) و تنش خشکی (40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) پژوهشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در سال1396 در دانشگاه رازی (کرمانشاه) انجام شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد وزن خشک برگ انگور برای تیمارهای کودی سولفات پتاسیم، کمپوست و بایوچار به ترتیب 7/3، 6/3 و 5/3 گرم به دست آمد. محتوی رطوبت نسبی، غلظت کلروفیل a وکارتنوئید برگ بین تیمارهای کودی اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت. افزایش نسبت کلروفیل a به b، 95/2، 30/3 و 02/7 درصد به ترتیب در تیمارهای بایوچار، سولفات پتاسیم و کمپوست در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد تغییر کرد. در شرایط تنش خشکی با کاربرد بایوچار در مقایسه با کمپوست و سولفات پتاسیم، غلظت فسفر، پتاسیم، منیزیم و مس برگ انگور به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر بوده در نتیجه نسبت کروفیل a به b و وزن خشک برگ انگور در مقایسه با شرایط بدون کاربرد کود بهبود یافت. براساس یافته­های این پژوهش برای کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی بر ویژگی­های بیوشیمیایی و وزن خشک برگ انگور، کاربرد بایوچار سپس سولفات پتاسیم و کمپوست در گزینه­های بعد توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بایوچار؛ سولفات پتاسیم؛ کمپوست؛ کلروفیل؛ کاروتنوئید

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