تحلیل و ارزیابی شاخص‌های انرژی، اقتصادی و اثرات زیست‌محیطی سامانه‌های تولید محصولات باغی و گلخانه‌ای در ایران با استفاده از روش PRISMA

ماشین های کشاورزی

مقاله 12، دوره 12، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 25، مهر 1401، صفحه 423-451   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jam.2021.67892.1004

نویسندگان

مرتضی زنگنه^* ؛ نرگس بنائیان

گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

تاکنون مطالعات زیادی در زمینه ارزیابی تأثیر الگوی مصرف نهاده در شاخص‌های انرژی، اقتصادی و اثرات زیست‌محیطی در محصولات باغی و گلخانه‌ای ایران انجام‌شده است. این مطالعات بیشتر جنبه گزارش وضعیت موجود را داشته و اقدامات مداخله‌ای و بررسی اثر آن‌ها در بهبود الگوی مصرف نهاده در میزان پایداری سامانه مدنظر محققان قرار نگرفته است. لذا به‌منظور افزایش اثربخشی و جهت‌دهی مناسب به مطالعات در این زمینه، این مطالعه مروری انجام شد. در این مقاله، سامانه‌های تولید محصولات باغی و گلخانه‌ای ایران از طریق مرور مقالات منتشرشده بین سال‌های 2008 تا 2018، با استفاده از روش پریسما، تعداد 63 مقاله به‌صورت سامانمند انتخاب شد و مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفت. به‌طورکلی در مقاله حاضر، چالش‌ها و ریسک‌های موجود در روش‌های استفاده‌شده در مطالعات پیشین موردتوجه قرار گرفت. برای ترسیم یک وضعیت کلی از شاخص‌های انرژی و زیست‌محیطی سامانه‌های باغی و گلخانه‌ای ایران، نتایج منتشرشده در مقالات موردبررسی قرار گرفت. برای افزایش اثربخشی تحقیقات در این بخش، این‌گونه مطالعات بهتر است به‌صورت پویا و حداقل دو یا چندساله انجام شود. بررسی مقالات نشان داد که مطالعه تأثیر عوامل اجتماعی در رفتار انواع سامانه‌های تولید مغفول مانده است. ازآن‌جایی‌که الگوی مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی تا حد قابل‌توجهی تابع رفتار بهره‌برداران و مشخصات سامانه‌ها و روش‌های تولید محصول است، به‌نظر می‌رسد توجه به این عامل برای آماده‌سازی و طراحی هرگونه راهکار بهبود فرآیند در سامانه ضروری است. در این مطالعه همچنین برای تکمیل مطالعات مربوط به تحلیل سامانه‌های کشاورزی یک رویه جدید شامل سه مرحله تحلیل، بازطراحی و ارزیابی مطرح‌ شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگوی مصرف انرژی؛ انتشارات زیست‌محیطی؛ سامانه‌های تولید محصول؛ شاخص‌های اقتصادی؛ کشاورزی پایدار

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