ارتقاء صفات مورفولوژیک، بیوشیمیایی و آنتی اکسیدانی دانهال‌های مکزیکن لایم تلقیح شده با اندوفیت قارچی استخراج شده از جلبک سبز

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 6، دوره 36، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 54، شهریور 1401، صفحه 401-414   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.69603.1039

نویسندگان

لیلا بقازاده دریایی^{* 1}؛ داود صمصام پور¹؛ عبدالنبی باقری²؛ جلوه سهرابی پور³

¹دانشگاه هرمزگان

²مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان

³مرکز تحقیقات و کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان

چکیده

اندوفیت­ها میکروارگانیسم­های مفیدی هستند که نقش مهمی در محافظت از گیاهان در برابر عوامل بیماری­زا و تنش­های غیرزیستی ایفا می­کنند. این مطالعه با هدف استفاده از اندوفیت قارچی Aspergillus niger همزیست با جلبک سبز Cladophoropsis membranacea برای ارتقا صفات مورفولوژیک، بیوشیمیایی، آنتی اکسیدانی و رنگدانه­های فتوسنتزی دانهال­های مکزیکن لایم صورت گرفته است. از مناطق ساحلی شهرستان بوشهر، نمونه­ جلبک جمع­آوری شد. اندوفیت قارچی بر اساس مورفولوژیک و مولکولی بر پایه تکثیر نواحی ITS1 و ITS4 با استفاده از تکنیک PCR مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. بذور استریل شده مکزیکن لایم در سینی­های کشت حاوی پیت­ماس اتوکلاو شده کشت و در مرحله چهار برگی به گلدان­های جدید منتقل شدند. هشت ماه بعد، تلقیح انجام و پس از سه ماه صفات مورفولوژیک، بیوشیمیایی، آنتی اکسیدانی و میزان رنگدانه­های فتوسنتزی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادند، اکثر صفات مورد بررسی، اختلاف معنی­داری نسبت به نمونه­های شاهد داشتند. از جمله صفات مورفولوژیک اندازه­گیری شده می­توان به افزایش تعداد برگ (42/144 درصد)، وزن تر ریشه (13/144 درصد)، وزن تر ساقه (85/94 درصد) و عرض ریشه (55/105 درصد) نسبت به گیاه شاهد اشاره کرد که اکثراً در سطح 1 درصد معنی­دار بودند. اندوفیت قارچی توانسته بود سطح رنگدانه­های فتوسنتزی از جمله کلروفیل آ (98/10 درصد) و کاروتنوییدها (62/40 درصد) را به­طور معنی­داری نسبت به شاهد افزایش دهد. در بررسی ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی دانهال­ها، آنزیم­های کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، گلوتاتیون ردوکتاز و اسکوربیک پراکسیداز اندازه­گیری شدند. اندوفیت توانسته بود باعث روند افزایشی آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدانت در دانهال­های مکزیکن لایم پس از تلقیح شود. همچنین، اندوفیت قارچی توانسته بود باعث افزایش معنی­دار عدد اسپد و کاهش معنی­دار مالون دی آلدئید در دانهال­های تلقیح شده نسبت به شاهد شود. به­طورکلی، اندوفیت­های قارچی همزیست با ماکروجلبک­ها می­توانند به­عنوان گزینه مناسبی برای افزایش تحمل گیاهان نسبت به تنش­های زیستی و غیر زیستی از جمله شوری مورد توجه واقع شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اندوفیت قارچی؛ تنش غیرزیستی؛ جلبک‌های دریایی؛ رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی

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