تأثیر ترکیبات مختلف آلی و شیمیایی روی تراکم جمعیت سفیدبالک گلخانه و برخی ترکیبات ثانویه گیاه لوبیا

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 54، دی 1400، صفحه 469-480   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.2021.68750.1009

نویسندگان

محمد کاراموزیان؛ مریم پهلوان یلی^* ؛ کمال احمدی

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

سفیدبالک گلخانه،Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood  یکی از آفات مهم گیاه لوبیای معمولی است. در این تحقیق تاثیر برخی ترکیبات آلی شامل عصاره متانولی پوست گردو (MW)، عصاره ان­هگزانی پوست گردو (NW)، عصاره متانولی دانه شوید (MD)، عصاره ان­هگزانی دانه شوید(ND)  و اسید سالیسیلیک (SA)، به تنهایی و در ترکیب با آفتکش اسپیروتترامات (SP) روی سفیدبالک گلخانه و برخی ترکیبات شیمیایی ثانویه گیاه لوبیا بررسی شد. آزمایش­ها در شرایط گلخانه با محلول­پاشی تیمارهای مورد بررسی روی گیاهان لوبیا انجام شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تراکم جمعیت سفیدبالک گلخانه و ترکیبات شیمیایی ثانویه گیاه به طور معنی­داری تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی بود. میزان فنل کل در تیمارهای مختلف بین 58/96 تا 114/07 میلی­گرم بر گرم وزن خشک متغیر بود که بیش­ترین و کم­ترین مقدار آن به­ترتیب در تیمارهای ترکیب اسپیروتترامات با عصاره متانولی دانه شوید و ترکیب اسپیروتترامات با عصاره ان­هگزانی پوست گردو به­دست آمد. بیش­ترین مقدار فلاونوئید کل گیاه لوبیا نیز در تیمار ترکیب اسپیروتترامات با اسید سالیسیلیک بود. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که تراکم جمعیت سفیدبالک گلخانه در تیمار اسپیروتترامات به تنهایی کم­تر از سایر تیمارها بود اما اختلاف معنی‌داری نیز با تیمارهای تلفیقی و تیمار عصاره متانولی پوست گردو نداشت. همچنین همه تیمارهای مورد مطالعه در مقایسه با شاهد به­طور قابل توجهی موجب تغییر تراکم جمعیت این آفت و افزایش مقدار فنل کل گیاه لوبیا شدند. بنابراین می­توان از این ترکیبات بویژه عصاره متانولی پوست گردو در برنامه­های مدیریت تلفیقی این آفت استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سفیدبالک گلخانه؛ اسید سالیسیلیک؛ عصاره گیاهی؛ فلاونوئید کل؛ فنل کل

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