بازسازی شرایط دیرینه بوم شناسی سازند قم در نواحی کهک، نوبران و اندآباد (حوضه پشت کمان قم)

رخساره‌های رسوبی

مقاله 5، دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 24، شهریور 1399، صفحه 74-99   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/sed.facies.v13i1.77739

نویسندگان

مهدیه مهیاد¹؛ امرالله صفری^{* 2}؛ حسین وزیری مقدم³؛ علی صیرفیان³

¹دانشجوی دکتری چینه شناسی و فسیل شناسی، گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

²دانشیار گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

³استاد گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بازسازی شرایط دیرینه بوم شناسی رسوبات الیگوسن ـ میوسن حوضه دریایی قم، سه برش چینه شناسی به ترتیب در نواحی کهک (جنوب قم)، نوبران (شمال ­غرب ساوه) و اند­آباد (شمال ­غرب زنجان) انتخاب گردید. در مجموع از نواحی کهک 146 نمونه، اند­آباد 137 نمونه و نوبران 118 نمونه برداشت شد. سازند قم در هر سه ناحیه شامل تناوبی از شیل و سنگ آهک است. این سازند در نواحی اند­آباد و نوبران بر روی سازند قرمز پایینی و در ناحیه کهک بر روی سنگ­‌های آتش‌فشانی ائوسن قرار دارد. مرز بالایی سازند قم نیز در نواحی کهک و اند­آباد با سازند قرمز بالایی و در ناحیه نوبران به صورت ناپیوستگی با آبرفت­‌های عهد­ حاضر پوشیده شده است. بر اساس مطالعات زیست چینه ­نگاری، سن رسوبات سازند قم در ناحیه کهک روپلین ـ شاتین، در ناحیه نوبران آکیتانین و در ناحیه اندآباد بوردیگالین تعیین شد. از دیدگاه دیرینه بوم شناختی، طی زمان­‌های روپلین ـ شاتین (ناحیه کهک)، آکیتانین (ناحیه نوبران) و بوردیگالین (اند­آباد) دریایی با شوری غالباً متوسط تا بالا حاکم بوده است. در طی زمان­‌های یاد شده شرایط نوری یوفوتیک و شرایط غذایی الیگوتروفیک ـ مزوتروفیک حکمفرما بوده است. عمق دیرینه آب دریا در نواحی کهک (روپلین ـ شاتین) و اند­آباد (بوردیگالین) کمتر از 10 متر تا کمتر از 30 متر و در نوبران (آکیتانین) عمق کمتر از 10 متر تا کمتر از 40 متر در نوسان بوده که نشان دهنده عمق بیشتر دریا در زمان آکیتانین می‌باشد. در نواحی مورد مطالعه حضور فراوان مرجان‌ها، جلبک‌های قرمز و روزن‌داران کف‌زی بزرگ گویای شرایط آب و­ هوایی گرمسیری ـ نیمه‌گرمسیری (18 تا 25 درجه سانتی‌گراد) و اجتماعات کربناته از نوع هتروزوئن بوده و شامل دو اجتماع دانه‌­ای (فورامل و فورآلگال) می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نئوتتیس؛ دیرینه بوم شناسی؛ سازند قم؛ کهک؛ نوبران؛ اندآباد

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