Identify the Leading knowledge of the agricultural sector with key technology techniques and AHP in Kermanshah province, Iran

اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 01 اسفند 1400  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead.2021.69249.1021

نویسندگان

زهرا علی نژاد¹؛ سیدمحمدباقر نجفی ²؛ جمال فتح اللهی ³؛ نادر زالی⁴

¹اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

²گروه اقتصاد- دانشکده علوم اجتماعی- دانشگاه رازی- کرمانشاه ایران

³گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

⁴گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

Introduction: The pattern of knowledge-based production, has transformed all economic and social relations over the past few decades. Achieving the benefits of this pattern requires serious attention to the production, distribution, and dissemination of knowledge. One of the most basic and important prerequisites for attaining pattern of the knowledge-based production, especially in developing areas, is the selection of leading knowledge. The necessity of this choice goes back to the limitations facing societies. On the other hand, government budgets face increasing pressure on public spending, and science and technology depend on these budgets. On the other hand, the costs of investing in various fields of knowledge are increasing significantly. Therefore, the simultaneous advancement of all branches of knowledge is impossible for any country. This article aims to identify the Leading Knowledge of the agricultural sector in Kermanshah province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This article is qualitative research. A descriptive-analytical method and a critical technologies approach were chosen to answer the research question. Data collection was carried out through existing documents and surveys (Interviews and panel of experts). First, the initial list of Leading knowledge and hierarchical model of evaluation criteria based on key technology techniques (one of the sciences and technology foresight) with the help of documentary methods and survey was conducted. In-depth and purposeful interviews were used to extract expert opinions.
Results and Discussion: Compliance with existing capacities, global trends, and regional needs (strategic issues) are considered as the general criteria for selecting Leading knowledge. Trained workforce, laboratories and equipment, and organizations and institutions are the infrastructure needed to move toward knowledge-based development. Natural capacity is another criterion for assessing compliance with the current situation. Market developments (to assess knowledge demand) and general knowledge trends (to assess knowledge supply) are criteria to evaluate future developments and global trends in science and technology. A type of economic development, based on knowledge and diverse and productive employment, is one of the basic needs of Kermanshah province. The power to create value added, create sustainable jobs and the ability to cluster are the evaluation components of this criterion. The identified knowledge was classified into eight main groups, including; Biotechnology, water engineering, plant Protection, biomechanics, horticultural, natural resources, soil sciences, and legal relations reform. This research indicated that the agricultural sector should be given priority to select the leading knowledge of Kermanshah province. Water engineering with a 0.233 coefficient is considered as the first priority of Leading Knowledge of Kermanshah province. Horticultural Science (0.196) and biotechnology (0.138) were ranked second and third, respectively. Consistency ratio was used to evaluate the validity of the research findings. All pairwise comparisons of decision criteria and knowledge groups had a consistency ratio less than 0.1. Given Iran's location in the arid region and water crisis in Kermanshah province in recent years, the placement of water engineering knowledge in the first place is quite significant. On the other hand, the survival of agricultural activities in Kermanshah province and achieving sustainable development will not be possible without investing in agricultural activities suitable for drought. On the other hand, horticultural knowledge, as a second priority, has unparalleled potential in dealing with drought, conserving water resources, and creating sustainable employment. Biotechnology is the second science and technology priority in the United States, Russia, and China. The United States has also emphasized the importance of this knowledge. It should be noted that the emphasis of the present study on the agricultural sector does not mean ignoring industrial activities. Investment in knowledge-based industries related to selected sciences is necessary and can be discussed in a separate survey of the province's industrial sector. However, a signiant point that should be noted is that Kermanshah province, due to its unique climatic characteristics, has favorable conditions for the development of agricultural activities.
Conclusions: The results of this study can be helpful in reviewing the educational policies of universities and research centers in the province, optimal allocation of limited resources in the relevant government bodies. These points should be emphasized in development programs:1) To identify and consensus on the Leading Knowledge in each region and province of the country. 2) Optimal allocation of resources to support identified Leading Knowledge. 3) Move the universities and research centers of the province to develop water engineering, horticultural sciences, and biotechnology.
Keywords: Agricultural sector, Kermanshah province, Key technology, knowledge-based economy, Leading Knowledge.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استان کرمانشاه؛ اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان؛ بخش کشاورزی؛ دانش پیشران؛ فناوری کلیدی

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