مطالعه دگرسانی، کانه نگاری، سیالات درگیر، اسپکتروسکوپی رامان و ایزوتوپ های پایدار اکسیژن- هیدروژن در کانسار آهن-آپاتیت لکه سیاه 1، استان یزد

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 29، 1400، صفحه 327-352   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.v13i2.84167

نویسندگان

میثم قلی پور¹؛ مهرداد براتی^{* 1}؛ ابراهیم طالع فاضل¹؛ وراتیسلاو هورای²

¹گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

²مؤسسه علوم زمین اسلواکی، براتیسلاوا، اسلواکی

چکیده

کانسار آهن لکه­ سیاه 1 در 40 کیلومتری شمال‌شرقی شهرستان بافق در استان یزد و در پهنه زمین‌ساختی کاشمر- کرمان واقع‌شده است. واحدهای سنگی منطقه به کامبرین زیرین تعلق دارند و شامل ریولیت، ‌آندزیت، سنگ ­های آذرآواری، دولومیت و ماسه‌سنگ هستند. توده­ های نفوذی با ترکیب مونزونیت تا دیوریت در این واحـدهای سنگی نفوذ کرده ­اند. فراینـد دگرسـانی، سنـگ­ های منطقه را تحت‌تأثیر قرار داده؛ به طوری که مهـم ­ترین هاله ­هـای دگرسـانی رخ‌داده در منطـقه (سدیک)- کلسیک، کلـریتی­ شدن، اپیدوتی ­شدن، سریسیتی­ شدن، سیلیسی­ شدن و آرژیلیک است. مگنتیت کانه اصلی کانسار است که دارای بافت ­های توده ­ای، برشی و مارتیتی است. بر اساس بررسی‌های پتروگرافی، چهار نوع سیال درگیر در کانی کوارتز همراه کانسنگ مشاهده شده که شامل تک‌فاز مایع (L)، تک‌فاز گاز (V)، دوفازی (L+V) و سه­ فازی (L+V+H) هستند. دمای همگن‌شدن سیالات درگیر دو فازی بین 217 تا 428 و سه­ فازی بین 384 تا 467 درجه سانتی‌گراد و شوری برای سیالات دو فازی بین 10 تا 27 و برای سه­ فازی­ بین 40 تا 44 درصد معادل شوری نمک طعام به‌دست آمد. بر اساس بررسی‌های اسپکتروسکوپی لیزر رامان بر روی سیالات درگیر، میزان گاز N₂ و CO₂ در سیالات دو فازی به ترتیب 69 و 31 درصد و در سیالات درگیر سه‌فازی به ترتیب 33 و 67 درصد مولی است که منشأ آن می­تواند گاززدایی از گوشته و واکنش سیالات با سنگ­ های کربناته ­باشد. بررسی ترکیب ایزوتوپی O و H سیال در تعادل با کوارتز نشان می­ دهد که سیال اولیه در این کانه­ زایی­ منشأ ماگمایی داشته که در مرحله‌های بعدی با سیالات جوی اختلاط حاصل‌کرده که این فرایند با کاهش سیستماتیک دما و شوری همراه بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

لکه سیاه؛ دگرسانی؛ سیال ماگمایی؛ آب جوی؛ اسپکتروسکوپی لیزر رامان

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