اثر تراکم گیاه و الگوی کاشت بر رشد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک گل لاله رقم ʹSpryngʹ

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 1، دوره 38، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 63، مهر 1403، صفحه 479-492   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.72661.1092

نویسندگان

داود هاشم آبادی^{* 1}؛ بهزاد کاویانی¹؛ کبری شاکری کیاسرایی¹؛ رسول انسی نژاد¹؛ محمد رضا صفری مطلق²

¹گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

²گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

گل لاله (Tulipa L.) از خانواده سوسن، از گل­های پیازی و تک‌لپه می‌باشد که با بذر و سوخ قابل تکثیر است. مدت زمان از کاشت بذر تا تولید گل در این گیاه طولانی است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی اثر تراکم و الگوی کاشت بر ویژگی‌های رشد رویشی و گلدهی در گل لاله رقم ʹSpryngʹ بود. این پژوهش به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار در 27 پلات انجام گردید. سه الگوی کاشت (مربع، مثلث و مستطیل) به‌عنوان فاکتور اول و سه تراکم کاشت (25، 45 و 65 پیاز در هر متر مربع) به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم در نظر گرفته شد. صفات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک در مرحله رشد رویشی و زایشی اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد شاخه گل بریده (59/90) در گیاهان کاشته‌شده در الگوی کاشت مثلثی با تراکم کاشت 65 گیاه در هر متر مربع شمارش شد. کمترین زمان تا آغاز گلدهی (69/30 روز) و بالاترین میزان کلروفیل برگ (13/57 میکروگرم در میلی‌لیتر) در گیاهان کاشته‌شده در الگوی کاشت مثلثی با تراکم کاشت 45 بوته در هر متر مربع به‌دست آمد. بیشترین ماندگاری گل (12/73 روز) و بالاترین میزان کاروتنوئید (1/68 میکروگرم در میلی‌لیتر) در گیاهان کاشته‌شده در الگوی کاشت مربعی با تراکم کاشت 45 بوته در هر متر مربع حاصل شد. در مجموع، نتایج کلی این پژوهش نشان داد که تراکم 45 بوته در متر مربع و الگوی کاشت مثلث یا مربع، برای بهبود خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گل لاله در شرایط آب و هوایی گیلان مناسب است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگو و تراکم کاشت؛ کیفیت گل؛ گل لاله؛ گیاهان پیازی

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