ارزیابی محرک‌های رشد گیاهی بر شاخص‌های رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام سیب‌زمینی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

دوره 19، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 64، دی 1400، صفحه 359-375   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2021.68096.1008

نویسنده

محمدرضا رفیع^*

بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر محرک‌های رشد گیاهی بر شاخص‌های رشد و خصوصیات ارقام سیب‌زمینی در دو مطالعه انجام شد. مطالعه اول به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان در سال زراعی 99-1398 اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل دو رقم سیب‌زمینی: اوتاوا و سانته بود. فاکتور دوم شامل هشت تیمار: اسید هیومیک، اسید آمینه آزاد، اسید آمینه-عنصر غذایی (Zn، K، Ca و K-Ca)، مصرف توأم تیمارها (به‌جز اسید آمینه) و شاهد بود. در مطالعه دوم، شاخص‌های رشد با استفاده از آزمایش اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار ارزیابی شدند. فاکتور اصلی پنج دوره نمونه‌برداری و دو رقم و هشت محرک رشد به‌صورت فاکتوریل، به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. در رقم سانته بیشترین عملکرد غده مربوط به تیمار مصرف توأم بود و نسبت به بقیه تیمارها برتری معنی‌داری داشت. در رقم اوتاوا نیز حداکثر عملکرد مربوط به تیمار مصرف توأم بود ولی نسبت به اسید آمینه‌های پتاسیم یا کلسیم‌دار و اسید هیومیک برتری معنی‌داری نداشت. نتایج آنالیز رشد مشخص نمود در بیشتر دوره‌های نمونه‌برداری سرعت رشد غده و محصول تیمار مصرف توأم از سایر تیمارها بیشتر بود. لذا حداکثر عملکرد غده به این تیمار اختصاص یافت. در دوره‌های مختلف نمونه‌برداری سرعت رشد غده و محصول در رقم اوتاوا به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از رقم سانته بود. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، در رقم سانته کاربرد توأم محرک‌های رشد و در رقم اوتاوا کاربرد اسید آمینه‌های پتاسیم یا کلسیم‌دار یا اسید هیومیک توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنالیز رشد؛ اسید آمینه؛ اسید هیومیک؛ سرعت رشد محصول؛ سرعت رشد نسبی

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