تأثیر سرباره مس مواد آلی بر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک کمبود آهن گیاه سورگوم (Sorghum bicolor)

آب و خاک

مقاله 5، دوره 35، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 80، بهمن و اسفند 1400، صفحه 841-823   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2021.14923.0

نویسندگان

الهام میرپاریزی¹؛ مجتبی بارانی مطلق^{* 2}؛ سید علیرضا موحدی نائینی²؛ رضا قربانی نصرآبادی³؛ سمیه بختیاری⁴

¹دانش‌آموخته دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

²دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

³استادیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

⁴استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی سیرجان

چکیده

حدود 8/53 درصد سرباره مس را اکسیدهای آهن به خود اختصاص می­دهند، لذا در این مطالعه تأثیر سرباره مس به همراه ترکیبات آلی بر میزان آهن کل برگ، رنگدانه­های فتوسنتزی، شاخص SPAD، فعالیت آنزیم­های گیاهی (گایاکول پراکسیداز و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز) و میزان آهن فعال در گیاه سورگوم (Sorghum bicolor) رقم اسپید فید به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار ارزیابی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 5 سطح ماده آلی (پوست پسته و کود گاوی در دو سطح 2 و 4 درصد وزنی و نمونه شاهد بدون ماده آلی) و 11سطح آهن (شاهد یعنی بدون کاربرد مواد حاوی آهن (S)، سکوسترینFeEDDHA (Seq)⁶ به میزان 5 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک، سرباره مس به میزان 10 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک (S₂)، سرباره مس به میزان 20 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک (S₄)، سرباره مس به میزان 10 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک همراه با گوگرد (S₂S^°)، سرباره مس به میزان 20 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک همراه با گوگرد (S₄S^°)، سرباره مس به به میزان 10 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک همراه با گوگرد و تیوباسیلوس(S₂S^°T)، سرباره مس به میزان 20 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک همراه با گوگرد ((S₄S^°T، سرباره اسیدی شده مس به میزان 10 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک (S_2a)، سرباره اسیدی شده مس به میزان 20 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک  (S_4a)و محلول‌پاشی برگی آهن از منبع کود کلات (Fe-EDTA⁷) با غلظت 5 در هزار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد تیمار 4 درصد وزنی کود گاوی با سرباره به میزان 20 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک (C₄S₄) و تیمار 4 درصد وزنی کود گاوی با سرباره به میزان 20 میلی­گرم آهن در کیلوگرم خاک همراه با گوگرد و تیوباسیلوس(C₄S₄S°T)  بیش­ترین تأثیر را در افزایش شاخص­های مد نظر داشتند، به­طوری­که بیشترین میزان آهن فعال برگ­های جوان توسعه یافته (54 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم) در تیمار (C₄S₄S°T) مشاهده شد که در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (17 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم) افزایش معناداری نشان داد. بررسی ضرایب همبستگی نشان داد که آهن فعال برگ­های جوان توسعه یافته گیاه سورگوم در مقایسه با غلظت آهن کل برگ­ها همبستگی بیشتری با شاخص­های فیزیولوژیک گیاه سورگوم نشان داد. لذا می­توان استفاده از غلظت آهن فعال برگ­های جوان توسعه یافته گیاه به­عنوان شاخص تشخیص کمبود آهن در گیاه به جای آهن کل گیاه را توصیه نمود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم‌های گیاهی؛ آهن فعال؛ رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ سرباره مس

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