تأثیر درآمد حاصل از منابع طبیعی بر شاخص آزادی اقتصادی کشورهای منتخب در سطوح مختلف فساد در چارچوب پانل پویای آستانه‌ای

اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای

مقاله 7، دوره 28، 1بهار و تابستان 21، شهریور 1400، صفحه 175-202   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/erd.2021.67970.1007

نویسنده

سکینه اوجی مهر^*

بخش اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
آزادی اقتصادی ازجمله شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار بر متغیرهای مختلف اقتصادی است. شواهد، حاکی از آن است که این شاخص در کشورهای غنی از لحاظ منابع طبیعی (کشورهایی با بیشترین درآمد حاصل از فروش منابع طبیعی به‌صورت درصدی از تولید ناخالص طی 2017-2002)، دارای وضعیت مناسبی نیست. ازآنجاکه رانت جویی و فساد معمولاً از ویژگی‌های کشورهای دارای وفور منابع است، تحقیق حاضر، تلاشی در جهت یافتن پاسخ به این سؤال است که در این کشورها، فساد چه تأثیری بر شاخص آزادی اقتصادی دارد؟ علاوه بر این، آیا فساد می‌تواند بر نحوه اثرگذاری درآمد طبیعی بر شاخص آزادی اقتصادی، اثر بگذارد؟ بدین منظور با استفاده از داده‌های چهل‌ونه کشور منتخب طی دوره 2017-2002، به بررسی نحوه اثرگذاری درآمد طبیعی بر شاخص آزادی اقتصادی پرداخته شده است. در این تحقیق از شاخص ادراک فساد به‌عنوان متغیر آستانه در یک مدل پانل پویای آستانه‌ای استفاده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از آن است که درصورتی‌که شاخص ادراک فساد، کمتر از 32 باشد، درآمد حاصل از فروش منابع طبیعی دارای تأثیر منفی بر آزادی اقتصادی است. این در حالی است که برای کشورهایی که دارای شاخص ادراک فساد بالاتر از سطح آستانه هستند (کشورهایی که سطح فساد کمتری دارند)، درآمد طبیعی نمی‌تواند تأثیر معناداری بر آزادی اقتصادی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزادی اقتصادی؛ کشورهای غنی از لحاظ منابع طبیعی؛ ادراک فساد؛ پانل پویای آستانه ای

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chkide 21.pdf

مراجع

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