تعیین منشأ رخداد معدنی سرب- روی (نقره) ورمزیار، کمربند فلززایی طارم- هشتجین: بر اساس داده‌ های زمین‌ شناسی، زمین‌ شیمی و میان بارهای سیال

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 32، 1401، صفحه 1-38   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2021.51947.86716

نویسندگان

افسانه قربانی¹؛ حسین کوهستانی^{* 2}؛ میر علی اصغر مختاری²

¹دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زمین‌ شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

²دانشیار، گروه زمین‌ شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

کانه‌زایی سرب- روی (نقره) در رخداد معدنی ورمزیار به‌صورت رگه کوارتز- سولفیدی‌ درون توالی توف‌های حدواسط و اسیدی ائوسن رخ داده است. گالن، اسفالریت، پیریت، پسیلوملان و پیرولوزیت، کانه‌های فلزی و کوارتز، سریسیت و کلسیت، کانی‌های باطله می‌باشند. بافت‌های کانسنگ شامل دانه‌پراکنده، رگه- رگچه‌ای، بِرشی، شانه‌ای، پوسته‌ای، کاکلی، پرمانند، گل‌کلمی، تیغه‌ای و پُرکننده فضای خالی است. چهار مرحله کانه‌زایی در ورمزیار قابل تشخیص است. مرحله اول کانه‌زایی با سیلیسی‌شدن سنگ‌های میزبان همراه با اندکی پیریت اکسیده مشخص می‌شود. مرحله دوم شامل رگه- رگچه‌های کوارتزی و بِرش‌های گرمابی است که حاوی مقادیر متغیری گالن و اسفالریت همراه با میزان اندکی پیریت می‌باشند. مرحله سوم با حضور کوارتز، کلسیت و اکسیدهای منگنز (پسیلوملان، پیرولوزیت و براونیت) در رگه‌ها و سیمان گرمابی بِرش‌ها مشخص می‌شود. مرحله چهارم شامل رگه- رگچه‌های کربناتی تأخیری است. دگرسانی‌های گرمابی شامل سیلیسی، آرژیلیک متوسط، کربناتی و پروپیلیتیک می‌باشد. شباهت الگوهای به‌هنجارشده عناصر کمیاب و کمیاب خاکی برای نمونه‌های کانه‌دار و نمونه‌های گرانیتی و توف‌های حدواسط، بیانگر ارتباط سیالات کانی‌ساز با توده گرانیتی و مشتق‌شدن آنها از این توده و همچنین شسته‌شدن عناصر از واحدهای توفی منطقه است. براساس داده‌های ریزدماسنجی، سیالات مسئول کانه‌زایی در ورمزیار، یک سیستم H₂O-NaCl با دمای متوسط (249-135 درجه سانتی‌گراد)، شوری پایین (4/6-2/0 درصد وزنی معادل نمک طعام) و چگالی پایین (1-8/0 گرم بر سانتی‌متر مکعب) بوده است. بر اساس این داده‌ها، روند تکامل سیال کانه‌ساز با فرایندهای اختلاط سیالات و جوشش سیال هم‌خوانی دارد. ویژگی‌های رخداد معدنی ورمزیار با کانسارهای اپی‌ترمال فلزات پایه (نقره) نوع سولفیداسیون حدواسط قابل مقایسه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کانه‌زایی اپی‌ترمال؛ سولفیداسیون حدواسط؛ میانبار سیال؛ طارم- هشتجین؛ ورمزیار؛ زنجان

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