زمین دما- فشارسنجی سنگ های گابروئیدی میزبان کانه زایی اکسیدی آهن- تیتانیوم در منطقه درگز (کمپلکس افیولیتی کهنوج)

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 32، 1401، صفحه 185-222   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2021.69934.1016

نویسندگان

مجید قاسمی سیانی¹؛ حامد ابراهیمی فرد^{* 2}

¹استادیار، گروه ژئوشیمی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

²کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ژئوشیمی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سنگ ­های گابروئیدی منطقه درگز با طیف سنگ ­شناسی فروگابرو تا پیروکسن- هورنبلند گابروی ­درشت­ بلور، پیروکسن- هورنبلند گابرو ریز­بلور و هورنبلند گابرو واقع در کمپلکس افیولیتی کهنوج، میزبان کانه ­زایی اکسید آهن- تیتانیوم هستند. الیوین ­ها ترکیب کریزولیت تا هیالوسیدریت دارند. ارتوپیروکسن ­ها و کلینوپیروکسن ­های بررسی ­شده، از نوع انستاتیت و اوژیت دیوپسیدی تا دیوپسید اوژیتی است. آمفیبول ­های سنگ ­های گابروئیدی و دایک­ های دیابازی با ترکیب هورنبلند گابرو، منیزیم بالایی داشته و از نوع کلسیک بوده و اغلب از نوع پارگازیت، منیزیوهاستینگزیت و منیزیوهورنبلند هستند. ترکیب پلاژیوکلازها از بیتونیت در فروگابرو و پیروکسن- هورنبلند گابرو تا آندزین در هورنبلند گابرو و دایک ­های دیابازی متغیر است. بررسی‌های زمین­ دما- فشار­سنجی بر پایه ترکیب کلینوپیروکسن ­ها و آمفیبول  ­ها، دماهای 750 تا 1258 (زمین ­دماسنج پیروکسن) و 776 تا 884 درجه سانتی ­گراد (زمین ­دماسنج پلاژیوکلاز و پلاژیوکلاز- هورنبلند) را به ترتیب در فشار­های 5/2 و 6 کیلوبار برای سنگ­ های گابروئیدی نشان‌داد. با استفاده از این دماسنجی ­ها، دماهای 700 تا 1145 (زمین­ دماسنج پیروکسن) و 911 تا 948 درجه سانتی­ گراد (زمین ­دماسنج پلاژیوکلاز‌- هورنبلند و هورنبلند) به ترتیب در فشارهای 5/2 و 6 کیلوبار برای دایک ­های دیابازی تخمین‌زده شد. نتایج حاصل از زمین ­دما- فشارسنجی سنگ ­های گابروئیدی و دایک ­های دیابازی میزبان کانه ­زایی اکسیدی آهن- تیتانیوم منطقه درگز، با عمق جای‌گیری و تبلور ماگما (34/15 تا 20/21 کیلومتری)، در بخش بالایی گوشته بالایی مطابقت دارد. مقادیر دما و فوگاسیته بالای اکسیژن به دست آمده برای سنگ ­های گابروئیدی، نشان ­دهنده شرایط اکسیدان در پیدایش این سنگ­ ها به همراه کانه­ زایی همزادی (ارتوماگمایی) اکسید آهن- تیتانیوم در حین سرد­شدن و تفریق ماگما و شکل ­گیری این توده ­ها در یک حوضه کششی پشت‌کمانی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شیمی کانی؛ زمین دما- فشارسنجی؛ سنگ های گابروئیدی؛ اکسید آهن – تیتانیوم؛ درگز؛ کمپلکس افیولیتی کهنوج

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