پتروگرافی، زمین‌ شیمی و زمین‌ ساخت توده گرانیتی هریس، استان آذربایجان شرقی: شاهدی بر ماگماتیسم درون صفحه‌ ای وابسته به ریفت

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقاله 7، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 33، 1401، صفحه 143-163   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2022.72028.1035

نویسندگان

فرهاد پیرمحمدی علیشاه^{* 1}؛ مهدی محمدرضایی²؛ احمد جهانگیری³

¹استادیار، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد شبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شبستر، ایران

²استادیار، گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، مرکز تسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تسوج، ایران

³استاد، گروه زمین ‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

توده گرانیتی هریس از ﻟﺤﺎظ زمین شناسی بخشی از زون ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺒﺮز ﻏﺮﺑﻲ- آذرﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎن ﻣﺤﺴﻮب می شود. این توده سازند کهر را قطع کرده و خود با رسوب‌های پرمین با دگرشیبی آذرین‌پی پوشیده می‌شود. ترکیب سنگ‌شناسی توده مورد بررسی، آلکالی فلدسپار گرانیت  است و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ غالب و ﻋﻤﺪه ‌سنگ‌ها دانه‌ای و پرتیتی است. کانی‌های اصلی این سنگ‌ها شامل کوارتز، فلدسپار پتاسیم، پلاژیوکلاز و کانی‌های فرعی شامل بیوتیت، آمفیبول، پیروکسن، آپاتیت، اسفن و زیرکن است. بی‌هنجاری منفی Eu در نمودار REE نشان‌دهنده حضور پلاژیوکلاز در سنگ خاستگاه و یا جدایش پلاژیوکلاز در طول تکامل ماگمای تشکیل‌دهنده این سنگ‌هاست. بررسی‌های زمین‌شیمیایی نشان می‌دهد که گرانیت‌های مورد بررسی دارای ماهیت نوع A هستند و به دلیل فقیر بودن از Nb، در گستره A₂ قرار می‌گیرند. غنی‌شدگی نسبی از LILEs به ‌ویژه Rb و Th و فقیرشدگی از عناصر Nb، Sr، Eu، Ba و Ti نشان‌دهنده خاستگاه پوسته‌ای آن است که در یک محیط کششی احتمالاً مرتبط با ریفت جای‌گیری کرده‌اند. بررسی‌های انجام‌شده خاستگاه ذوب‌بخشی پوسته زیرین با ترکیب تونالیتی- گرانودیوریتی را برای این گرانیت‌ها نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

هریس؛ گرانیت؛ سنگ‌ شناسی؛ ماگماتیسم؛ ریفت درون قاره‌ ای

مراجع

Abdel Rahman, A.M., 2006. Petrogenesis of anorogenic peralkaline granitic complexes from eastern Egypt. Mineralogical Magazine, 70(1): 27–50. https://doi.org/10.1180/0026461067010311

Advay, M., Jahangiri, A., Mojtahedi, M. and Ghalamghash, J., 2010. Petrology and Geochemistry of Shah Ashan Dagh Mafic Rocks and A-type Granite in NE of Khoy, NW Iran. Scientific Quarterly Journal, Geosciences, 20(77): 83–90. (in Persian with English abstract) http://dx.doi.org/10.22071/gsj.2010.55342

Advay, A. and Qalamqash, J., 2011. Petrogenesis and zircon U-Pb radiometric dating in Herris granite (NW Shabestar) East Azarbaijan Province. Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy, 18‌(4): 633–646. (in Persian with English Abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://ijcm.ir/article-1-494-fa.html

Aghanabati, A., 2004. The Geology of Iran. Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, 586 pp. (in Persian)

Ahankoub, M., 2011. Petrogenesis and geochemistry of granitoids east of Mishov Mountains, northwest of Iran. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, 120 pp. (in Persian)

Ahankoub, M., Jahangiri, A. and Moayyed, M., 2012. Study of the effect of tetrad on the pattern of rare earth elements in the A-Type Mishu granitoid assemblage in northwestern Iran. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 3(10): 65–78. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_16099.html

Aliani, F., Maanijou, M. and Miri, M., 2012. Petrology of the Tekyeh-Bala area granite veins (northeast of Sonqor), some evidences for A₂-type granitoids. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 3(9): 1–16. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_16091.html

Amini, S., Ravankhah, A. and Moayed, M., 2007. Petrology and lithogenesis of igneous masses of Divan Daghi - Qara Goz, North Marand (East Azerbaijan). Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy, 16‌(2): 249–264. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijcm.ir/article-1-637-en.html

Asadian, O., Mirzaee, A.R., Mohajjel, M. and Hadjialilu, B., 1994. Geological map of Marand. scale 1:100000 Geological Survey of Iran. (in Persian)

Asadpour, M., Pourmoafi, S. M. and Heuss, S. 2013. Geochemistry, petrology and U-Pb geochronology of Ghazan mafic-ultramafic intrusion, NW Iran. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 4(14): 1–16. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_16134.html?lang=en

Bailey, D.K., 1974. Continental rifting and alkaline magmatism in the alkaline rocks. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 148 pp.

Black, R. and Liegeois, J.‌P., 1993. Cratons, Mobile belts, Alkaline rocks sand continental lithospheric mantle: the Pan-African testimony. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(8): 89–98. Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://www.mantleplumes.org/WebDocuments/Black1993.pdf

Bonin, B., 2007. A-type granites and related rocks: Evolution of a concept, problems and prospects. Lithos, 97(1-2): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.12.007

Chappell, B.W. and White A.J.R., 1992. I- and S-type granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 83(1–2): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300007720

Clemens, J.D., Holloway, J.R. and White, A.R., 1986. Origin of A-type granites: experimental constraints. American Mineralogist, 71: 317–324. Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM71/AM71_317.pdf

Creaser, R.A., Price, R.C. and Wormold R.J., 1991. A-type granite revised: assessment of residual source model. Geology, 19(2):163–166. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0163:ATGRAO>2.3.CO;2

Dahlquist, J., Pablo, H., Alasino, M., Eby, G.‌N., Galindo, C. and Casquet, C., 2010. Fault controlled Carboniferous A-type magmatism in the proto-Andean forelan (Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina), Geochemical constraints and petrogenesis. Lithos, 115(1–4): 65–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.11.006

Davies, H.J. and Von Blank enburg, F., 1995. Slab break off: a model of lithospheric detachment and its test in the magmatism and deformation of collisional orogenes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 129(1–4): 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(94)00237-S

Delavari, M., Arab Asadi, F. and Mohammadi, A., 2019. Paleozoic magmatism in the southwest of Julfa (northwestern Iran): geochemical characteristics, U-Pb dating and tectonic setting. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 10(2): 99–120. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_24169.html

Eby, G.‌N., 1990. The A-type granitoids: a review of their occurrence and chemical characteristics and speculations on their petrogenesis. Lithos, 26(1–2): 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(90)90043-Z

Eby, G.‌N., 1992. Chemical subdivision of the A-type granitoids: petrogenetic and tectonic implications. Geology, 20(7): 641–644. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0641:CSOTAT>2.3.CO;2

Eftekharnejad, J., Ghorashi, M., Mehr Parto, M., Arshadi, S., Zohreh Bakhsh, A., Bloorchi, M.H. and Saeedi, A., 1991. Geological map of Tabriz-Poldasht. scale 1: 250,000. Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. (in Persian)

Fazlnia, A., 2017. Tectonomagmatic setting of the Siahbaz A-type granitoids and mafic intrusions (Northwest of Khoy). Iranian Journal of Petrology, 8(30): 31–54. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_21948.html

Frost, B.R., Barnes, C.G., Collins, W.J., Arculus, R.J., Ellis, D.‌J. and Frost, C.D. 2001. A geochemical classification for granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology, 42(11): 2033–2048. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/42.11.2033

Frost, C.D., Frost, B.R., Bell, J.M. and Chamberlain, K.R., 2002. The relationship between A-type granites and residual magmas from anorthosite: evidence from the northern Sherman batholith, Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, USA. Precambrian Research, 119(1–4): 45–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00117-1

Harker, A., 1909. The natural history of igneous rocks. Macmillan, New York, 384 pp.

Harris, N.B.W., Marzouki, F.M.H. and Ali, S., 1986. The Jabel Sayid Complex Arabian Shield: geochemical constraints on the origin of peralkaline and related granites. Journal of the Geological Society. 143(2): 287–295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.143.2.0287

Henderson, P., 1982. Inorganic Geochemistry. Pergamon. Oxford, 312 pp. 

King, P.L., Chappell, B.W., Allen, C.M. and White, A.J.R. 2001. Are A-type granites the high-temperature felsic granites? Evidence from fractionated granites of the Wangrah Suite. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 48(4): 501–514. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-0952.2001.00881.x

King, P.L., White, A.J.R., Chappell, B.W. and Allen, C.M. 1997. Characterization and origin of aluminous A-type granite from the Lachlan fold belt, Southeastern Australia. Journal of petrology 38(3): 371–391. https://doi.org/10.1093/petroj/38.3.371

Konopelko, D., Biske, G., Seltmann, R. and Eklund, O., 2007. Hercynian post-collisional A-type granites of the Kokshaal Range, Southern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan. Lithos, 97(1–2): 140–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.12.005

Landenberger, B. and Collins, W.J. 1996. Derivation of A-type granites from a dehydrated charnockitic lower crust. Journal of Petrology, 37(1): 145–170. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/37.1.145

Mahamed, A., Moayyed, M. and Modjjarad, M., 2020. Garmichay S-type granites (northwestern Iran): Whole rock geochemistry, tectonic setting and generation mechanism. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 11(1): 53–72. (in Persian with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.22108/ijp.2019.118558.1146

Mahood, G. and Hildreth, W., 1983. Large partition coefficients for trace elements in high-silica rhyolites. Geochemica et Cosmochemica Acta, 47(1): 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(83)90087-X

Maniar, P.D. and Piccoli, P.M., 1989. Tectonic discrimination of granitoids. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 101(5): 635–643. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1989)101<0635:TDOG>2.3.CO;2   

McDonough, W.F. and Sun, S.S., 1995. The composition of the earth. Chemical Geology, 120(3–4): 233–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4

Mehri, M., Moayed, M. and Sefidgar, A., 2008. Report of magmatic epidote in Mishu granitoid massif (northwestern Iran) Data analysis and results. 16th Conference of Iranian Crystallographic and Mineralogical Association, University of Rasht. Rasht, Iran. (in Persian)

Middlemost, E.A.K., 1994. Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system. Earth Science Reviews, 37(3–4): 215–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(94)90029-9

Moayyed, M. and Hosseinzadeh, Q., 2011. Petrography and petrology of A-type granitoids of Eastern Mishu mountains with emphasis on their geodynamic importance. Journal of Mineralogy and Crystalography, 19(3): 529–544. (in Perian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://ijcm.ir/article-1-439-en.html

Moayyed, M. and Moazzen, M., 2002. A New Perspective on the Location of the Paleotethys Seam Line in Iran. TS in Iran Proceedings of the Sixth Meeting of the Geological Society of Iran, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. (in Persian)

Moayyed, M., Moazzen, M., Klagari, A.A. and Hosseinzadeh, Q., 2005. Mineralogy and petrology of Mishu granitoid massif (southwest of Marand, East Azerbaijan province) and its geodynamic importance. Proceedings of the Sixth Conference of the Geological Society of Iran, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,Kerman, Iran. (in Persian)

Moayyed, M. and Rezaei Moghadam, M.H., 2005. Geodynamic importance of Tabriz fault and its role in crustal evolution of Iran. Proceedings of the International Conference on Land Hazards - Natural Disasters and Strategies to Deal with them, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. (in Persian)

Mufti, M.R.H., 2001. Age geochemistry and origin of peraluminous A-type granitoids of the Ablah-Shuwas pluton, Ablah graben, Arabian Shield. Acta Mineralogica- Petrographica, 42(1): 5–20. Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/39423/1/mineralogica_042.pdf#page=7

Nabavi, M.H., 1979. Introduction to Geology of Iran. Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, 109 pp. (in Persian)

Patino Douce A.E., 1998. What do experiments tell us about the relative contributions of crust and mantle to the origin of granitic magmas? In: A. Castro. C. Fernández. and J.L. Vigneresse (Editors), Understanding Granites: Integrating New and Classical Techniques. Journal of the Geological Society, Special Publications, 168(1): 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.168.01.05

Pearce, J.A., Harris, N.B.W. and Tindle, A.G., 1984. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology, 25(4): 956–983. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/25.4.956

Petro, W.L., Vogel, T.A. and Willboard, J.T., 1979. Major elements chemistry of plutonic rock suites from compressional and extensional plate boundaries. Chemistry Geology, 26(3–4): 217235. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(79)90047-0

Schandl, E.S. and Groton, M.P., 2002. Application of high field strength elements to discriminate tectonic settings in VMS environments. Economic Geology, 97(3): 629–642. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.97.3.629

Shahzeidi, M., Moayyed, M., Arai, S., Pirnia, T. and Ahmadian, J., 2012. Geology and geochemistry of Mishu S-type granitoid NW Iran. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 3(11): 111–126. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_16107.html?lang=en

Shirmohammadi, M., Sepahi Gerow, A., Maanijou, M. and Tourkian, A., 2020. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of south Qorveh A-type granitoids (northwest of Sanandaj- Sirjan zone): An evidence for active continental margin tensional tectonic. Iranian Journal of Petrology, 11(3): 85–110. (in Persian with English abstract) Retrieved January 2, 2022 from https://ijp.ui.ac.ir/article_25571.html?lang=en

Stocklin, J., 1968. Structural history and tectonics of Iran: A review. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 52(7): 1229–1258. https://doi.org/10.1306/5D25C4A5-16C1-11D7-8645000102C1865D

Streckeisen, A., 1974. Classification and Nomenclature of Plutonic Rocks. Geologische Rundschau, 63(3): 773–786. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01820841

Sun, S.S. and McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and Isotopic Systematics of Oceanic Basalts: Implications for Mantle Composition and Processes. In: A.D. Saunders, M.J. Norry (Editors), Magmatism in the Ocean Basins. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 42(1): 313–345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.042.01.19

Sylvester, P.J., 1989. Post-Collisional Alkaline Granites. The Journal of Geology, 97(3), 261–280. Retrieved January 2, 2022 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/30068745

Taylor, R.P., Strong, D.F. and Fryer, B.J., 1981. Volatile control of contrasting trace element distributions in peralkaline granitic and volcanic rock. Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, 77(4): 267–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373542

Torkian, A. and Niknazar, A., 2022. Geochemistry and tectonic setting of the A-type granitoid in Sanandaj-Sirjan zone: Shirvaneh, NE- Sonqor (Kermanshah Province). Iranian Journal of Petrology, 13(1): 1-26. (in Persian with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.22108/ijp.2020.123999.1191

Wedepohl, K.‌H., 1995. The composition of continental crust. Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59(7): 1217–1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2

Whalen, J.B., Currie, K.L. and Chappell, B.W., 1987. A-type granites: geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 95(4): 407–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00402202

Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W., 2010. Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95(1): 185–187. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2010.3371

Zhao, J.H. and Zhou, M.F., 2007. Geochemistry of Neoproterozoic mafic intrusion in the panzhihua district (Sichuan Province, SW China); implications for subduction related metamorphism in the upper mantle. Precamberian Research 152(1): 27–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2006.09.002