کاربرد مقادیر مختلف نیترات آمونیوم به صورت کوددهی پایه بر برخی صفات مورفو- فیزیولوژیکی گیاه سجافی (Chlorophytum comosum)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 13، دوره 36، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 56، بهمن 1401، صفحه 903-915   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2022.73430.1103

نویسندگان

مژده اسکو¹؛ عزیزاله خندان میرکوهی^{* 2}؛ روح انگیز نادری³

¹دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی تولید و پس از براشت پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران

². استادیار پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

³استاد پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

جهت ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف نیترات آمونیوم بر شاخص‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه سجافی (Chlorophytum comosum) آزمایشی بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 4 تیمار و 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. از چهار سطح مختلف نیترات آمونیوم (100 (به‌عنوان شاهد)، 200، 400 و600 میلی‌‎گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) استفاده شد. تیمارها، ماهانه و به صورت چالکود اعمال گردید. صفات مورد بررسی شامل صفات مورفولوژیک (ارتفاع، تعداد برگ، تعداد دستک، وزن ‌تر اندام‌ هوایی، وزن ‌خشک‌ اندام ‌هوایی، وزن ‌تر ریشه، وزن ‌خشک‌ ریشه، حجم ریشه، عمق ‌ریشه، طول‌ ریشه، وزن گلدان، سطح ‌برگ) و صفات فیزیولوژیک (کلروفیل کل، مقدار‌ پروتئین کل، مقدار نیترات موجود در بافت و میزان پرولین) بود و همچنین آنالیز بسترکشت قبل از شروع آزمایش انجام شد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که اثر سطوح مختلف نیترات آمونیوم بر همه صفات مورد ارزیابی به جز وزن گلدان، عمق ریشه، طول ریشه و حجم ریشه معنی‌دار بود. با افزایش سطوح مختلف تیمار، ارتفاع، تعداد برگ، وزن‌ تر ‌اندام‌ هوایی، وزن‌ خشک ‌اندام ‌هوایی، وزن ‌تر‌ ریشه، وزن ‌خشک‌ ریشه و سطح برگ افزایش یافت. بیشترین میزان کلروفیل، پروتئین و نیترات بافت در تیمار 400 میلی‌گرم نیترات آمونیوم مشاهده شد و با افزایش کاربرد نیترات آمونیوم مقدار آنها کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار پرولین (20/11 میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر) در تیمار 600 میلی‌گرم نیترات آمونیوم و کمترین مقدار (57/3 میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر) در تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده تیمار 400 میلی‌گرم نیترات آمونیوم موجب افزایش شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد و افزایش جنبه زینتی گیاه سجافی به عنوان یک گیاه برگ زینتی گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین؛ شاخص‌های رشد؛ عملکرد؛ کلروفیل

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