بررسی منابع کودی آلی و زیستی و زمان برداشت بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی مریم‌گلی (Salvia officinalis L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 4، دوره 15، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 57، مهر 1402، صفحه 481-504   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2022.72527.1066

نویسندگان

عبدالله جوانمرد^* ؛ محمدرضا عباسیان؛ علی استادی؛ هانیه شب خیز

گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر منابع کودی مختلف و زمان برداشت بر صفات مورفولوژیک، کمیت و کیفیت اسانس مریم‌گلی، آزمایشی در دشت میاندوآب به صورت اسپلیت پلات در زمان بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال‌های زراعی 99-98 اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که همه صفات رشدی و عملکردی مورد مطالعه به جز عملکرد ماده خشک تحت تأثیر معنی‌دار اثر متقابل منابع کودی × چین قرار گرفتند. همچنین براساس نتایج برش‌دهی اثرمتقابل چین × منابع کودی مختلف مشخص گردید که کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا و 50 درصد ماشک + 50 درصد جو روی صفات رشدی و عملکردی بیشترین تأثیر را داشتند. بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک مریم‌گلی در نتیجه کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا بدست آمد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با تیمار 50 درصد ماشک + 50 درصد جو نداشت. همچنین بیشترین شاخص کلروفیل و درصد اسانس مریم‌گلی در هر دو چین در تیمار کود سبز 50 درصد ماشک + 50 درصد جو و در چین اول بدست آمد. علاوه بر این، بیشترین عملکرد اسانس در نتیجه کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا در چین اول بدست آمد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با تیمار 50 درصد ماشک + 50 درصد جو در همان چین نداشت. بیشترین میزان سیس-توجون و 1و8-سینئول در تیمار 50 درصد ماشک + 50 درصد جو از چین دوم بدست آمد. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از تیمار 50 درصد ماشک + 50 درصد جو به عنوان کود سبز اثرات مثبتی روی گیاه مریم گلی داشت. همچنین کود زیستی قارچ میکوریزا نیز می‌تواند منجر به بهبود صفات کمی و کیفی مریم‌گلی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسانس؛ سیس-توجن؛ عملکرد ماده خشک؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ کود سبز

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