بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم با ترکیبات محرک رشد تحت آبیاری نرمال و تنش خشکی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 20، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 66، تیر 1401، صفحه 147-162   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2022.72226.1083

نویسنده

مجید رجایی^*

بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

طی سال‌‏های اخیـر جهت رسیدن به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار استفاده از محرک‏‌های زیستی به‌منظور جلوگیری از کاربرد بیش از حد کودهای شیمیایی و القای تحمل به تنش‌‏های محیطی افزایش یافته است. بهبود غلظت عناصر غذایی و عملکرد گندم با استفـاده از ترکیبات محرک رشد تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش خشکی فرضیه در این پژوهش بود. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات، در قالب طرح بلوک‏‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 98-1396 انجام شد. عامل اصلی شامل فواصل مختلف آبیاری در دو سطح (آبیاری بعد از 70 و 140 میلی‏‌متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) و عامل فرعی استفاده از محرک‏‌های زیستی در هفت سطح (شاهد بدون محرک رشد، مصرف خاکی اسید هیومیک، محلول‏‌پاشی اسید آمینه، اسید فولویک و عصاره جلبک دریایی، مصرف مایع تلقیح ازتو باکتر و تلفیق ترکیبات محرک رشد) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان غلظت عناصر پرمصرف و کم مصرف کاه و دانه از تلفیق ترکیبات محرک رشد به‌دست آمد. پس از این افزایش معنی‏‌دار غلظت عناصر در مصرف منفرد ترکیبات محرک رشد مشاهده شد. آبیاری پس از 140 میلی‏‌متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر سبب کاهش‏ وزن خشک کاه و کلش، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت نسبت به 70 میلی‌‏متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر شد. تلفیق ترکیبات محرک رشد و پس از آن ترکیبات منفرد اجزای عملکرد گندم را بهبود دادند. بنابراین ترکیبات محرک رشد از طریق بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی سبب تحمل به تنش خشکی شدند. همچنین تلفیق ترکیبات محرک رشد در افزایش عملکرد دانه گندم نقش به‌سزایی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ازتوباکتر؛ اسید هیومیک؛ عصاره جلبک دریایی؛ عملکرد دانه

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