تأثیر انتخاب آزاد یونجه، جاشیر و کنسانتره بر قابلیت هضم و رفتار مصرف خوراک بره‌های نر عربی

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 14، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 52، دی 1401، صفحه 505-518   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.2022.72624.1040

نویسندگان

ویدا آریامنش¹؛ محسن ساری^{* 1}؛ مرتضی چاجی¹؛ محمد بوجارپور²؛ سمیه سالاری¹

¹گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان.اهواز، ملاثانی، ایران.

²گروه علوم دامی، مجتمع آموزش عالی کشاورزی تربت جام، ایران.

چکیده

تأثیر انتخاب آزاد بین منابع علوفه‌ای یونجه و جاشیر به همراه کنسانتره بر هضم و رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای 18 رأس بره نر عربی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تیمار به‌مدت 45 روز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمار‌ها شامل انتخاب آزاد بین 1- یونجه و کنسانتره، 2- جاشیر و کنسانتره، 3- یونجه، جاشیر و کنسانتره بود. به‌دلیل اهمیت روغن‌های اسانسی گیاه جاشیر، این ترکیبات اندازه‌گیری شدند و ترکیبات آلفا بیسابولول، بتاپینن، آلفا پینن و دلتا-3- کارن بیشترین مقادیر را داشتند. امکان انتخاب بین دو علوفه در تیمار سوم‌، مصرف ماده خشک و نسبت علوفه مصرفی را در مقایسه با دیگر تیمار‌ها افزایش داد. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، ماده آلی، NDF و ADF در تیمار دوم، حاوی جاشیر به‌عنوان تنها علوفه، بالاتر از دیگر تیمارها بود و کمترین زمان خوردن در روز در این تیمار مشاهده شد. مدت زمان خوردن به‌ازای گرم NDF و ADF مصرفی در تیمار سوم با انتخاب آزاد بین دو علوفه کمترین مقدار را داشت. بره‌های تیمار انتخاب آزاد یونجه و جاشیر نسبت به تیمار دریافت‌کننده یونجه مدت زمان بیشتری را صرف نشخوار نمودند. بیشترین مدت زمان نشخوار به‌ازای گرم NDF و ADF مصرفی در تیمار دریافت‌کننده جاشیر به‌عنوان تنها علوفه مشاهده شد. در کل، انتخاب آزاد بین دو منبع علوفه بجای یک منبع، افزایش مصرف خوراک را به دنبال داشت. استفاده از علوفه جاشیر به‌عنوان تنها علوفه جیره اگر چه قابلیت هضم را بهبود بخشید، امّا موجب کاهش مصرف مواد مغذی شد. پیشنهاد می‌شود، این علوفه به همراه یک علوفه دیگر مانند یونجه استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

انتخاب آزاد؛ رفتار مصرف خوراک؛ علوفه دارویی؛ قابلیت هضم

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