تبیین الگوی اثرگذاری ظرفیت تاب‌آوری شهری بر امنیت غذایی خانوارهای شهری در دوران پاندمی کرونا (مطالعۀ موردی: شهر ماسال)

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

مقاله 15، دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 43، مهر 1401، صفحه 311-333  

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/geoeh.2022.74616.1150

نویسنده

یاسر قلی پور

دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

ویروس کرونا سال‌ها پیشرفت در کاهش فقر،  بهبود گرسنگی، افزایش مراقبت‌های بهداشتی و کیفیت آموزش را با خطر جدی روبه‌رو کرد. شیوع ویروس کرونا طبق گزارش‌های سازمان‌های بین‌المللی بر شمار گرسنگان، فقرا و افراد دارای سوءتغذیه افزوده است و جهان را با موجی از ناامنی غذایی روبه‌رو کرده است. در همین راستا نقش ظرفیت تاب‌آوری شهری در سطح خانوار و اجتماع، در کاهش اثرات بحران بر کیفیت زندگی و بازیابی توان اولیه و حفظ آن در طول پاندمی قابل‌توجه است. ظرفیت‌ تاب‌آوری مجموعه‌ای از شرایط است که خانواده‌ها را قادر می‌سازد در مواجهه با شوک‌ها به انعطاف‌پذیری لازم دست یابند. ظرفیت تاب‌آوری در این مقاله شامل سه جنبۀ جذبی، تطبیقی ​​و تغییرپذیری و همچنین طیف وسیعی از ظرفیت‌های خاص می‌شود. تحقیق حاضر توصیفی-تحلیلی، مبتنی بر پیمایش(زمینه‌یاب) است؛ همچنین با توجه به واکاوی ارتباط بین متغیرهای مستقل(ظرفیت تاب‌آوری) و وابسته (شاخص‌های امنیت غذایی) در زمرۀ تحقیقات همبستگی نیز قرار می‌گیرد. جامعۀ آماری تحقیق شامل سرپرستان خانوار در شهر ماسال، روش نمونه‌گیری، خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای و حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران برابر 384 نفر تعیین گردیده است. هدف آن تبیین نقش ظرفیت تاب‌آوری شهری در حفظ وضعیت شاخص‌های امنیت غذایی (موجود بودن غذا، دسترسی به غذا، بهره‌مندی غذایی و پایداری) در طول پاندمی کرونا در شهر ماسال است. برای این کار از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و LISREL _8.80  استفاده شده است. نتایج معادلات ساختاری می‌دهد ظرفیت‌های سه‌گانه در حفظ و بهبود شاخص‌های‌امنیت غذایی مؤثر بوده‌اند. همچنین ظرفیت‌های زیر تأثیر منفی کرونا را بر امنیت غذایی خانوار کاهش داده است: سرمایۀ اجتماعی، سرمایۀ انسانی، کسب اطلاعات، دارایی‌ها، تنوع معیشتی، شبکه‌های ایمنی، دسترسی به بازارها و خدمات، توانمندسازی زنان، حکمروایی و قابلیت‌های روانی، قابلیت‌های اجتماعی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ظرفیت تاب‌آوری؛ امنیت غذایی؛ کرونا؛ ماسال

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