تغییر شاخص‌های مغناطیسی و اکسیدهای آهن خاک در پی تغییر کاربری (مطالعه موردی: دشت مختار استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)

آب و خاک

مقاله 8، دوره 36، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 82، خرداد و تیر 1401، صفحه 267-282   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2022.75178.1140

نویسندگان

حمیدرضا اولیایی^{* 1}؛ ابراهیم ادهمی¹؛ مهدی نجفی قیری²

¹دانشگاه یاسوج

²دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی اثرات تغییر کاربری اراضی و شیب بر برخی ویژگی‌های خاک با تمرکز بر شاخص­های مغناطیسی و اکسیدهای آهن خاک در منطقه ­مختار یاسوج انجام گرفت. در این منطقه از چهار کاربری جنگل متراکم، جنگل تُنُک، اراضی فرسوده و کشت دیم و در هر کاربری از دو کلاس شیب 15-0 و 30-15 درصد و در هر کاربری از 10 نقطه سطحی (عمق صفر تا 15 سانتی­متر) به صورت تصادفی (مجموعا40 نمونه) نمونه­برداری انجام گرفت.  میانگین ماده آلی در کاربری جنگل متراکم (24/5%) به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از سایر کاربری‌ها بوده است. جنگل‌تراشی و عملیات زراعی بر روی اراضی شیب­دار، موجب سبک­تر شدن بافت خاک و کاهش معنی­دار مقدار رس در کاربری زراعی شده است. همچنین چگالی ظاهری و کربنات کلسیم معادل با تغییر کاربری از جنگل متراکم به کاربری زراعی افزایش یافته‌اند. پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی (χ_lf) خاک به میزان زیادی تحت تأثیر تغییر کاربری و به میزان کمتر تحت تأثیر موقعیت شیب بوده است. تغییرات کاربری از جنگل متراکم به سایر کاربری­ها کاهش معنی­داری (25 تا 100 درصد) بر χ_lf داشته است. با توجه به مقادیر 9/1 تا 2/7 درصدی پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی وابسته به فرکانس (χ_fd)، این خاک­ها دارای مقادیر کم تا متوسط ذرات پدوژنیک سوپرپارامگنتیک بوده­اند. همبستگی نسبتاً بالایی بین χ_lf با برخی ویژگی­های از جمله شکل­های آهن، ماده آلی، بافت خاک و میزان کربنات کلسیم مشاهده شد. با اندازه­گیری χ_lf که امکان اندازه­گیری سریع و ارزانی دارد، می­توان مناطق حساسی را که در معرض تخریب زیادی بوده، شناسایی و اقدامات مدیریتی مناسب را اتخاذ نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اکسید آهن؛ پذیرفتاری مغناطیسی؛ تغییر کاربری اراضی؛ کیفیت خاک؛ موقعیت شیب

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