کانه‌زایی اپی‌ ترمال فلزهای پایه و گران‌ بهای نوع سولفیداسیون حدواسط در کانسار قبچاق (شمال‌ غرب قره‌ چمن، آذربایجان شرقی): شواهد زمین‌ شناسی، کانه‌ زایی و زمین‌ شیمی

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 36، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 53-85   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2022.75340.1041

نویسندگان

محمد صحبتلو¹؛ حسین کوهستانی^{* 2}؛ میر علی اصغر مختاری²

¹کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

²دانشیار، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

کانه‌زایی فلزهای پایه و گران‌بها در کانسار قبچاق به ‌صورت رگه‌های برشی کوارتز- سولفیدی‌ درون توالی توف و گدازه‎‌ ائوسن  و توده‌ کوارتزدیوریت- گابرو الیگوسن رخ‌داده است. پیریت، کالکوپیریت، گالن، اسفالریت و طلا همراه با اندکی رآلگار، پسیلوملان و پیرولوزیت، کانه‌های فلزی و کوارتز، سریسیت، کلریت و کلسیت کانی‌های باطله هستند. بافت‌های کانسنگ شامل دانه‌‌پراکنده، رگه- رگچه‌ای، بِرشی، شانه‌ای، کاکلی، گل‌کلمی، پوسته‌ای، پرمانند و پُرکننده فضای خالی است. پنج مرحله کانه‌زایی در قبچاق قابل تشخیص است. مرحله اول کانه‌زایی با سیلیسی‌شدن سنگ‌های میزبان همراه با اندکی پیریت دانه­پراکنده مشخص می‌شود. مرحله دوم شامل رگه- رگچه‌های کوارتزی و بِرش‌های گرمابی است که حاوی مقادیر متغیری پیریت، کالکوپیریت، گالن، اسفالریت، ± طلا ± رآلگار هستند. مرحله سوم با کوارتز و اکسیدها- هیدروکسیدهای منگنز (پسیلوملان، پیرولوزیت و براونیت) در رگه‌ها و سیمان گرمابی بِرش‌ها قابل تشخیص است. مرحله چهارم شامل رگه و رگچه‌های کوارتز (کلسیت- کلریت) و مرحله پنجم شامل کلسیت با بافت‌های رگچه‌ای و پرکننده فضاهای خالی است. دگرسانی‌های گرمابی شامل سیلیسی، آرژیلیک متوسط، کربناتی، کلریتی و پروپلیتیک است. الگوی عناصر کمیاب  و کمیاب خاکی بهنجارشده به کندریت برای نمونه‌های کانه‌دار و سنگ‌های میزبان، مشابه و بیانگر نقش این سنگ‌ها در تأمین عناصر کانه‌ساز است. ویژگی‌های کانسار قبچاق با کانسارهای اپی‌ترمال نوع سولفیداسیون متوسط قابل مقایسه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کانه‌ زایی اپی‌ ترمال؛ فلزات پایه و گران‌ بها؛ سولفیداسیون متوسط؛ قبچاق؛ قره‌ چمن

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