اثر کاربرد سطوح مختلف کودهای شیمیایی و کود مرغی پلیت شده بر عملکرد و کیفیت دانه آفتابگردان آجیلی (Helianthus annuus L.) در شرایط سنندج

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 9، دوره 15، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 58، دی 1402، صفحه 789-808   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2022.76016.1105

نویسندگان

احمد ناصری؛ غلامرضا حیدری^*

گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه کردستان، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت کودهای آلی و شیمیایی در کشاورزی پایدار، پژوهشی با هدف بررسی عملکرد و کیفیت دانه آفتابگردان آجیلی (Helianthus annuus L.) تحت تأثیر مصرف سطوح مختلف کودهای مرغی پلیت شده و شیمیایی اجرا شد. این آزمایش به‌صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 11 تیمار در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1397- 1396 انجام شد. تیمار­های آزمایشی شامل عدم مصرف کود، مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی (توصیه شده)، 1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود مرغی، 2000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی، 4000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی، 1000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی + 25 درصد کود شیمیایی، 1000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی + 50 درصد کود شیمیایی، 2000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی + 25 درصد کود شیمیایی، 2000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی + 50 درصد کود شیمیایی، 4000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی + 25 درصد کود شیمیایی، 4000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی + 50 درصد کود شیمیایی بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان‌دهنده تأثیر مثبت تیمار­های تلفیقی کود­ مرغی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و کیفیت دانه آفتابگردان بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه از ترکیب تیماری 25 درصد کود شیمیایی + 4000 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود مرغی حاصل شد. بیشترین درصد روغن دانه با کاربرد 25 درصد کود شیمیایی + 1000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی حاصل گردید. بیشترین مقادیر پروتئین، فسفر و پتاسیم دانه از تیمار کاربرد 25 درصد کود شیمیایی + 2000 کیلوگرم کود مرغی حاصل شد. در کل، تیمار ترکیبی مصرف 4000 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود مرغی + 25 درصد کود شیمیایی توصیه شده با داشتن بیشترین عملکرد دانه، بهترین تیمار کودی بود. از نتایج این تحقیق استنباط می­شود که می­توان با کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای آلی و شیمیایی در زراعت آفتابگردان علاوه‌بر حصول عملکرد قابل قبول، به بهبود کیفیت دانه منجر شد و مصرف کودهای شیمیایی را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

درصد پروتئین دانه؛ درصد روغن دانه؛ شاخص برداشت؛ قطر طبق؛ وزن هزار دانه

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