اثر مصرف زئولیت و کود مرغی غنی‌شده با روی و مس بر صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی لوبیاسبز (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 25، خرداد 1401، صفحه 99-112   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v13i1.2105-1007

نویسندگان

مهیار محمدزاده¹؛ یوسف نیکنژاد^{* 2}؛ هرمز فلاح آملی²؛ داوود براری²؛ سید میثم باغبانیان³

¹گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آیت‌الله آملی، آمل، ایران

²گروه زراعت و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آیت‌الله آملی، آمل، ایران

³گروه شیمی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آیت‌الله آملی، آمل، ایران

چکیده

به ­منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف زئولیت و کود مرغی غنی‌شده با روی و مس بر صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی لوبیاسبز (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)، آزمایش مزرعه­‌ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی آمل در سال 1396 اجرا شد. کاربرد زئولیت در پنج سطح، شامل Z₁: شاهد یا عدم مصرف زئولیت، Z₂: مصرف زئولیت به‌تنهایی، Z₃: زئولیت غنی‌شده با روی، Z₄: زئولیت غنی‌شده با مس و Z₅: زئولیت غنی‌شده با روی و مس و مصرف کود مرغی در پنج سطح، شامل P₁: شاهد یا عدم مصرف کود مرغی، P₂: مصرف کود مرغی به‌تنهایی، P₃: کود مرغی غنی‌شده با روی، P₄: کود مرغی غنی‌شده با مس و P₅: کود مرغی غنی‌شده با روی و مس به عنوان فاکتورهای آزمایش درنظرگرفته شدند. در این آزمایش کود مرغی به مقدار 5/1 تن در هکتار و زئولیت به میزان 1 تن در هکتار مصرف شد. همچنین از کودهای روی و مس به­ترتیب به مقدار 26 و 6/13 کیلوگرم در هکتار جهت غنی‌سازی کودهای مرغی و زئولیت استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف کود مرغی و زئولیت غنی‌شده با عناصر روی و مس سبب افزایش معنی­دار اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد، غلظت رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی و جذب عناصر غذایی پرمصرف و کم‌مصرف در لوبیاسبز در مقایسه با کاربرد جداگانه کود مرغی یا زئولیت و شاهد گردید. در شرایط مصرف کود مرغی، حداکثر عملکرد دانه (74/1 تن در هکتار) با کاربرد تیمار P₅ و در شرایط کاربرد زئولیت، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (71/1 تن در هکتار) با اعمال تیمار Z₅ حاصل شد و با عدم مصرف تیمارهای کودی، عملکرد به­ترتیب حدود 27 و 3/23 درصد کاهش یافت. بنابراین، به نظر می­رسد کاربرد زئولیت و کود مرغی غنی‌شده با عناصر روی و مس می‌تواند ضمن کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، روش مناسبی جهت بهبود عملکرد گیاه همراه با تولید سالم و پایدار محصولات کشاورزی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

جذب عناصر؛ رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ زئولیت؛ عملکرد؛ کود مرغی

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