تأثیر مایه‌زنی بذر با قارچ‌‌ریشه Funneliformis mosseae بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) در شرایط تنش شوری

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 3، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 59، فروردین 1403، صفحه 47-62   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2022.76917.1115

نویسندگان

فاطمه السادات قابوس¹؛ سید عبدالرضا کاظمینی^{* 2}؛ مهدی زارعی³

¹گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز ، ایران

²گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

³گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی برهم‌کنش قارچ­ریشه Funneliformis mosseae بر ویژگی­های مورفوفیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)، آزمایشی مزرعه­ای به‌صورت اسپیلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز اجرا شد. فاکتور‌ها شامل سطوح شوری آب (شاهد (4/0)، 4، 8 و 12 دسی­زیمنس بر متر) به­عنوان فاکتور اصلی و قارچ‌ریشه‌ (با قارچ و بدون قارچ) به­عنوان فاکتور‌های فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش شوری باعث کاهش صفات ارتفاع ساقه، تعداد سنبله در بوته، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک شد. تلقیح قارچ­ریشه در بالاترین سطح تنش شوری (12 دسی­زیمنس بر متر) در اکثر صفات باعث بهبود و یا کاهش آثار سوء تنش گردید و با افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های کاتالاز و سوپراکسیددیسموتاز، غلظت پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 0/8، 7/5، 8/30 و 1/131 درصد، منجر به بهبود ارتفاع بوته، تعداد سنبله در بوته، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 1/8، 4/9، 6/6، 2/4، 2/20 و 0/11 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار بدون تلقیح شد. همچنین، تلقیح بذر با قارچ­ریشه در بالاترین سطح شوری (12 دسی­زیمنس بر متر) باعث کاهش 2/43 درصد غلظت سدیم در مقایسه با شرایط بدون تلقیح شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که تلقیح قارچ­ریشه می­تواند از طریق بهبود فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدان و همئوستازی یونی، منجر به توسعه رشد و تحمل به شوری جو شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اجزای عملکرد؛ عملکرد؛ فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان؛ نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم

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