Bakhtīyārī Rulers; An Analysis of the Role and Status of the Āstirikī (Āstirūkīyan) Bakhtīyārī Tribe in the Political-Military Transitions in Iran and Central Zāgrus from Mongol through Qājāriya Eras

تاریخ و فرهنگ

Article 8, Volume 54, Issue 1 - Serial Number 108, September 2022, Pages 191-228   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/jhistory.2022.76426.1124

Author

Ali Bahramsari Bakhtiyari^*

PhD graduate, Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Unit, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The Bakhtīyārī Āstirikī tribe is an ancient Iranian tribe. The current study employs library and descriptive-analytical methods in order to examine the role and status of this tribe in political-military transitions in Iran and central Zāgrus from the Mongol era up until Qājāriya. It is suggested that the Āstirikī tribe has been the largest and most powerful family tribe in central Zāgrus for more than six centuries after the spread of Islam. The tribe’s leaders ruled over the Bakhtīyārī province for a long period from the Ṣafavīd era until the rise of Qājārs, in diarchies issued by the central government and under the titles of “Khān-Sulṭān” or “Khān-Khān”. They participated in Iranian battles against foreigners and secured victory. Some of their greatest accomplishments in the political-military transitions of Iran include: rebellion and declaration of autonomous government by Amīr Tājmīrkhān Bakhtīyārī Āstirikī, Amīr Jahāngīrkhān Bakhtīyārī Āstirikī’s participation in the battle of Yerevan and defeating the Ottomans, the Hamidān War and forcing the Ottoman army out of town, battle with Maḥmūd Hotak, the conquest of Herat and Qandihār during Nādirshāh’s reign, and accepting Iran’s regency by ʾAbulfatḥ Khān Bakhtīyārī Āstirikī after the death of Nādirshāh. The article draws on seven documents alongside library resources.

Keywords

Ṣafavīya; Bakhtīyārī; Amīr Tājmīrkhān; Amīr Jahāngīrkhān; Āstirikī; Bunivār stone tablet

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