تأثیر کود دامی و اسید هیومیک بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک پنبه (Gossypium hirsutum L.) در شرایط شوری آب آبیاری

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 59، فروردین 1403، صفحه 97-113   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2022.77656.1118

نویسندگان

محبوبه سردار؛ محمدعلی بهدانی^* ؛ سید وحید اسلامی؛ غلامرضا زمانی

گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی. دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

تنش شوری، یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش­های غیر زیستی تهدیدکننده تولید پنبه در مناطق خشک و نیمه­خشک کشور و جهان می­باشد که با کاربرد مناسب مواد آلی می­توان از تبعات آن کاست. به­همین منظور، آزمایشی به­صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه­ای واقع در شهرستان بشرویه در سال 1398 انجام شد. سطوح مختلف شوری آب آبیاری در سه سطح (5/2، 5/5 و 5/8 دسی زیمنس بر متر) به­عنوان فاکتور اصلی و دو تیمار کود دامی در دو سطح (صفر و 20 تن در هکتار) و اسید هیومیک در دو سطح (صفر و 200 گرم برای 100 کیلوگرم بذر به‌صورت بذرمال) به‌عنوان فاکتورهای فرعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. با توجه به نتایج، اثرات اصلی تنش شوری، کود دامی و اسید هیومیک بر محتوای نسبی آب، نشت الکترولیت و پایداری غشا، کلروفیل­ها و پرولین معنی­دار شد. با افزایش سطح شوری، میزان پرولین، نشت الکترولیت غشا و کارتنوئید افزایش و محتوای کلروفیل a و b، محتوای نسبی آب و پایداری غشا کاهش یافت. کاربرد کود دامی و اسید هیومیک موجب افزایش محتوای نسبی آب، پایداری غشا و میزان کلروفیل در شرایط تنش شد که نشان­گر اثر تعدیلی این کودها در کاهش اثرات نامطلوب تنش شوری است. بنابراین، لستفاده از اسید هیومیک و کود دامی می­توانند جهت تعدیل اثرات نامطلوب تنش شوری بر گیاه پنبه در اقلیم­های گرم و خشک مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پرولین؛ کلروفیل؛ محتوای نسبی آب؛ نشت الکترولیت غشا

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