اثر منابع مختلف چربی در جیره انتظار زایش بر مصرف خوراک گاوها، فراسنجه‌های خونی، اندازه‌های بدنی و عملکرد گوساله‌های شیرخوار هلشتاین

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 15، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 55، مهر 1402، صفحه 317-331   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.2022.77719.1089

نویسندگان

محمودرضا امینی¹؛ عباسعلی ناصریان^{* 1}؛ رضا ولی زاده¹؛ عیسی دیرنده²

¹گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد،ایران.

²گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، اثر افزودن منابع مختلف چربی (اسیدهای چرب اشباع و غیر اشباع) در جیره انتظار زایش گاوهای هلشتاین بر مصرف خوراک، فراسنجه‌های خونی، اندازه‌های بدنی و عملکرد گوساله‌ها پس از تولد می‌باشد. در این پژوهش از 30 راس گاو شیری هلشتاین نزدیک زایش (15 راس شکم اول و 15 راس چند شکم زایش، میانگین نمره وضعیت بدنی 0.15±32/3 و میانگین وزن بدن 2/84 ± 34/659 کیلوگرم) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تیمار و 10 تکرار استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1- گروه کنترل (بدون چربی) 2- گروه اسید چرب اشباع (پالمیتیک اسید) 3- گروه اسید چرب غیراشباع (دانه گلرنگ) بودند. تغذیه از 21 روز مانده به تاریخ احتمالی زایش تا زمان زایش ادامه یافت. ماده خشک مصرفی به­صورت روزانه اندازه‌گیری شد. گاوها پس از زایمان توسط دستگاه شیردوش انفرادی دوشیده شده و حجم آغوز آن‌ها ثبت شد، همچنین جهت بررسی کیفیت آغوز دو نمونه از آن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. خون‌گیری از گوساله‌های تازه متولد شده در زمان­های تولد (قبل از مصرف آغوز)، دو ساعت پس از مصرف آغوز، 3، 7، 21 و 49 روز پس از تولد از گوساله‌ها انجام شد. وزن گوساله‌ها و اندازه‌های بدنی در زمان‌های تولد، 21 و 49 روزگی اندازه‌گیری شدند. به­طور کلی، نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که افزودن منابع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و اشباع در جیره انتظار زایش بر ماده خشک مصرفی قبل از زایش گاوها تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشت، همچنین تیمارهای آزمایشی بر کیفیت آغوز، اسیدهای چرب آغوز، فراسنجه­های خونی، اندازه‌های بدنی و عملکرد گوساله‌های هلشتاین تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید چرب اشباع؛ اسید چرب غیراشباع؛ عملکرد؛ گوساله هلشتاین

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