تاثیر برخی کودهای زیستی و نانواکسید آهن و سیلیکون بر عملکرد و اجزای پر شدن دانه تریتیکاله در شرایط محدودیت آبی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 21، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 70، تیر 1402، صفحه 203-219   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2022.78960.1199

نویسندگان

فاطمه آقائی^{* 1}؛ رئوف سیدشریفی²؛ سلیم فرزانه²

¹دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

²گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر کودهای زیستی و نانواکسید آهن و سیلیکون بر عملکرد و اجزای پر شدن دانه تریتیکاله در شرایط محدودیت آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 1400 اجرا شد. عامل‌های مورد بررسی شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری کامل در طول دوره رشدی به‌عنوان شاهد، قطع آبیاری در 50% مراحل تورم غلاف برگ پرچم (غلاف رفتن) براساس کد 43 مقیاس BBCH  و ظهور سنبله بر اساس کد 55 مقیاس BBCH به‌ترتیب به‌عنوان محدودیت شدید و ملایم آبی)، کاربرد کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی به‌عنوان شاهد، کاربرد Azospirillum، Pseudomonas، کاربرد توام Azospirillum و Pseudomonas) و محلول‌پاشی نانوذرات در چهار سطح (محلول‌پاشی با آب به‌عنوان شاهد، محلول‌پاشی نانواکسیدآهن، نانوسیلیکون، محلول‌پاشی توام نانواکسیدآهن و نانوسیلیکون) بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد توام کودهای زیستی و محلول‌پاشی نانواکسید آهن و سیلیکون در شرایط آبیاری کامل، حداکثر وزن دانه (07/56%)، طول دوره و دوره موثر پر شدن دانه (به‌ترتیب 29/22 و 43/48%)، شاخص کلروفیل (11/45%) و پروتئین برگ پرچم (75/64%)، ارتفاع بوته (31/49%)، تعداد دانه در سنبله (58/70%)، طول سنبله (75/53%)، وزن هزار دانه (9/64%) و عملکرد دانه (28/43%) را نسبت به شرایط عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی و عدم محلول‌پاشی در شرایط محدودیت شدید آبی افزایش داد. محدودیت شدید آبی محتوای آنتوسیانین را افزایش داد ولی کاربرد کودهای زیستی و محلول‌پاشی نانواکسید آهن و نانوسیلیکون محتوای آن را کاهش داد. براساس نتایج این بررسی به‌نظر می‌رسد که کاربرد توام Pseudomonas و Azospirillum و محلول‌پاشی نانواکسید آهن و سیلیکون می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک روش مناسب برای افزایش عملکرد تریتیکاله در شرایط محدودیت آبی به‌کار برده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتوسیانین؛ پروتئین برگ پرچم؛ سودوموناس؛ شاخص کلروفیل؛ وزن هزار دانه

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