تاثیر پایه بادنجان وحشی (Solanum torvum) بر میزان تحمل به تنش خشکی گوجه‌فرنگی بر اساس شاخص‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 14، دوره 37، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 58، مرداد 1402، صفحه 481-495   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2022.76513.1170

نویسندگان

دامون اخگر¹؛ حمید رضا کریمی^{* 2}؛ سید رسول صحافی³؛ سید حسین میردهقان²

¹علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر، رفسنجان، ایران

²گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان

³گروه ژنتیک و تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر، رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

به‎منظور بررسی تاثیر پایه بادنجان وحشی بر میزان تحمل به خشکی گوجه‎فرنگی رقم ’دافنیس‘ و ’ایزابلا‘، پژوهشی به‎صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. فاکتور‌ها شامل دور آبیاری در سطح 3 (شاهد)، 6 و 9 روز یکبار و فاکتور ترکیب پیوندی در شش سطح شامل غیرپیوندی ’دافنیس‘ و ’ایزابلا‘، خودپیوندی ’دافنیس‘، خودپیوندی ’ایزابلا‘، پیوندک ’دافنیس‘ بر روی پایه بادنجان وحشی (تورووم)، پیوندک ’ایزابلا‘ بر روی پایه بادنجان وحشی (تورووم) بودند. در پایان تنش خشکی، پارامترهای رویشی شامل ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و همچنین پارامترهای فتوسنتزی، روابط آبی و عناصر غذایی گیاه اندازه‎گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش دور آبیاری اکثر پارامترهای رویشی و غلظت رنگدانه‎های فتوسنتزی و عناصر غذایی کاهش یافت، به‎طوری که بالاترین مقدار با دور آبیاری 3 روز و کمترین مقدار در دور آبیاری 9 روز مشاهده شد همچنین برهمکنش دور آبیاری و ترکیب پیوندی بر برخی پارامترهای رویشی و اکوفیزیولوژیکی معنی‌دار شد بطوریکه کمترین میزان وزن خشک اندام‎هوایی در دور آبیاری 9 روز در گیاهان پیوندی ’دافنیس‘ بر روی پایه ’تورووم‘ مشاهده شد. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر می‌توان بیان کرد ترکیب پیوندی ’ایزابلا‘ بر روی پایه تورووم مقاومت بالاتری به تنش خشکی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ایزابلا؛ تارووم؛ ترکیب پیوندی؛ دافنیس؛ دور آبیاری

مراجع

1. Ainigar Sadafi, H., Zahedi, B., Mousavi Fard, P., & Moradipour, F. (2015). The effect of bases on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two commercial tomato cultivars. Master Thesis of Lorestan University.
2. Alc-ázar, R., Altabella, T., Marco, F., Bortolotti, C., Reymond, M., Koncz, C., & Tiburcio, A.F. (2010). Polyamines: molecules with regulatory functions in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Planta, 231(6), 1237-1249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-010-1130-0
3. Arnon, D.I(1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Journal of Plant Physiology, 24, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.24.1.1
4. Asseng, S., & van Herwaarden, A.F. (2003). Analysis of the benefits to wheat yield from assimilates stored prior to grain filling in a range of environments. Plant Soil, 256, 217–239. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026231904221
5. Colla, G., Rouphael, Y., Leonardi, & Bie, Z. ( 2010). Role of grafting in vegetable crops grown under saline conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 127(2), 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIENTA.2010.08.004
6. Colla, G., Rouphael, Y., Cardarelli, M., Salerno, A., & Rea, E. (2010). The effectiveness of grafting to improve alkalinity tolerance in watermelon. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 68(3), 283-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.12.005
7. Delauney, A.J., & Verma, D.P.S. (2002). Proline biosynthesis and osmoregulation Plants. The Plant Journal, 2, 122-112. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1993.04020215.x
8. Estefan, G., Sommr, R., & Ryan, J. (2013). Method of soil, plant and water analysis. Third Edition. Beirut, Lebanon: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas. 250 p.
9. Farooq, M., Vahid, A., Lee, D.J., Ito, O. & Siddique, K.H. (2009). Advances in drought resistance of rice. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 28(4), 199-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680902952173
10. Germana, C. (1997). Experiences on the response of almond plants (A. communis ) to water stress. Acta Horticulturae, 449, 497-503. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1997.449.69
11. Ghazanshahi, J(2006). Soil and plant analysis. Aeizh Publications, 274p. (In Persian)
12. Gisbert-Mullor, R., Pascual-Seva, , Martinez-Gimeno, M., Lopez-Serrano, L., Badal Marin, E., Perez-Perez, J., Bonet, L., Padilla, Y.G., Calatayud, A., Pascual, B., & Lopez-Galarza, S. (2020). Grafting onto an appropriate rootstock reduces the impact on yield and quality of controlled deficit irrigated pepper crops. Agronomy, 10,15-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101529
13. Goto, R., de Miguel, A., Ignacio Marsal, J., Gorbe, E., & Calatayud, A. (2013). Effect of different rootstocks on growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence and mineral composition of two grafted scions of tomato. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 36, 825–835. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2012.757321
14. Gregorian, V. ( 2002). Physiology and methods of grafting. Amidi Publications, 351 pages.
15. Gupta, A.P., Neue, H.U., & Singh, V.P. (1993). Phosphorus determination in rice plants containing variable manganese contant by the phosphor molybdo vanadate (yellow) and phosphomolybdate (blue) colorometric methods. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 24, 1309-1328. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629309368878
16. Hassani, B., & Seidi, M. (2013). The effect of drought tolerant rootstocks and different irrigation regimes on the quality and yield of Early Orbata tomatoes. Master Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University.
17. Huang, Y., Hua, L., Liu, B., Fan, Z., & Bie, Z. (2013). Grafting onto different rootstocks as a means to improve watermelon tolerance to low potassium stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 149(14), 80-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.02.009
18. Isfendiyaroglu, M., & Zeker, E. (2002). The relation between phenolic compound and seed dormancy in Pistacia In AKB. E. (ed.). 11 Grema Serr Pistachios and Almond. Chieres optins Mediterraneenes, 56, 232-277.
19. Kashi, A., Salehi, R., & Javanpour Heravi, R. (2008). Grafting technology in growing and producing vegetables. Agricultural Education Publications, first edition, 212 p.
20. Keshavarznia, R., Shahbazi, M., Mohamadi, V., Hosseini Salekdeh, G., Ahmadi, E., & Mohseni Fard, A. (2014). The role of root structure and physiological traits of barley in response to drought stress. Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 45(4), 553-563. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijfcs.2017.202541.654065
21. Kirnak, H., Kaya, C., Tas, E., & Higgs, D. (2001). The Influence of water deficition on vegetative growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality in eggplants. Bulgarian Journal Plant Physiology, 27(3–4), 34–46.
22. Latifah, V., Widaryanto, E., Maghfoer, M.D., & (2021). Economic analysis, growth and yield of grafting tomato varieties for Solanum torvum as a rootstock. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 17(5), 733-742.
23. Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M., & Bouharmont, J. (1996). NaCl-induced senescence in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Journal Annals of Botany, 78, 389-398. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1996.0134
24. Mahmoudnia Meymand, M., Farsi, M., Marashi, S.H., & Ebadi, P. (2012). Investigation of physiological responses of four tomato species to drought stress. Journal of Horticultural Sciences 26(4), 409-416. https://doi.org/10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.18252
25. Miguel, A., Maroto, J.V., San Bautista, A., Baixauli, C., Cebolla, V., Pascual, B., & Guardiola, J.L. (2004). The grafting of triploid watermelon is an advantageous alternative to soil fumigation by methyl bromide for control of Fusarium wilt. Scientia Horticulturae, 103(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2004.04.007
26. Molavi, H., Liaqat, V., & Mohammadi, M. (2012). Optimizing water consumption and determining the sensitivity coefficients of tomatoes under both conditions salinity and drought stress in Karaj region. Journal of Water and Soil, 3(24), 592-583.
27. Patakas, A., Nikolaou, N., Zioziou, E., Radoglou, K., & Noitsakis, B. (2002). The role of organic solute and ion accumulation in osmotic adjustment in drought-stressed grapevines. Plant Science, 163(2), 361-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(02)00140-1
28. Paquin, R., & Lechasseur, P. (1979). Observations sur une méthode de do-sage de la proline libre dans les extraits de plantes. Candian Journal of Botany, 57, 1851–1854. https://doi.org/10.1139/b79-233
29. Petran, A., & Hoover, E. (2014). Solanum torvum as a compatible rootstock in interspecific tomato grafting. Jornal of Horticulture, 1(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000103
30. Rezai, Z. (2016). The effect of different super absorbent polymer and animal manure ratios on quantitative and qualitative characteristic of fennel under drought stress conditions. M.Sc. Thesis in Agronomy, Shahrekord, Iran.
31. Rodrigues, J.G., Edvardo, P.M.J., Forner, B., & Angeles, F. (2010). Citrus rootstocks response to water stress. Sciatica Horticulturae, 126, 95-102.
32. Ruiz, J.M., Belakbir, A., López-Cantarero, I., & Romero, L. (1997). Leaf-macronutrient content and yield in grafted melon plants. A model to evaluate the influence of rootstock genotype. Scientia Horticulturae, 71(3), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(97)00106-4
33. Sadeghzadeh-Ahari, D., Hass, M.R., Kashi, A.K., Amiri, A., & Alizadeh, A. (2010). Genetic variability of some agronomic traits in the Iranian Fenugreek landraces under drought stress and non-stress conditions. African Journal of Plant Science, 4(2), 12-20.
34. Salisbury, F.B., & Ross, C.B. (1991). Plant physiology. Wadasworth publishing ompany, 316-321.
35. Shahabi, M.R., Zakeri, A., & Shirzadi, H. (2013). The effect of different grafting methods on the growth and yield of RedTop grafted tomatoes, the first national electronic conference "New Topics in Horticulture", Jahrom University, 455-459.
36. Shahbazi, P., Karimi, N., & Ghasempour, H.R. (2014). Investigation of the effect of drought stress on biochemical and physiological processes of two varieties of Lycopersicun esculentum, Kali and Early Orabana. Master Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University.
37. Shokrani, F., & Pirzad, A. (2012). Evaluation of biological nitrogen influence on oil variations and nutrient content of Calendula officinalis under drought stress conditions. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 11(11), 1550-1555. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2012.11.11.1632
38. Smolinski, A.T., & Pestka, J.J. (2003). Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in vitro and in vivo by the herbal constituents apigenin (chamomile), ginsenoside Rb1 (ginseng) and parthenolide (feverfew), Food Chemical Toxicology, 411381-1390. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(03)00146-7
39. Suchoff, D.H., Gunter, C.C., & Schultheis, R.J. (2018). Rootstock effect on grafted tomato transplant shoots and root responses to drying soils. Horticulture Science, 53(11), 1586-1592. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI13215-18
40. Urlic, B., Runjic, M., Zanic, K., Mandusic, M., Vuletin Selak, G., Paskovic, I., & Dumicic, G. (2020). Effect of partial root-zone drying on grafted tomatoin commercial greenhouse. Horticultural Science, 47(1), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.17221/130/2018-HORTSCI
41. Wang, Y.Q. (2011). Plant grafting and its application in biological research. Chinese Science Bulltein, 56, 3511–3517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-011-4816-1
42. Waraich, E.A., Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M., Saifullah, Y., & Ahmad, M. (2011). Improving agricultural water use efficiency by nutrient management in crop plants. Acta Agriculture. Scand, Section B Plant Soil Science, 61, 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2010.491954
43. Yetisir, H., Ozdemir, A.E., Aras, V., Candir, E., & Aslan, O. (2013). Rootstocks effect on plant nutrition concentration in different organ of grafted watermelon. Agricultural Sciences, 4(5), 230-237.