اثرات کشت مخلوط سه گانه تأخیری چغندرقند با نخود و ماش بر تراکم، زیست توده و تنوع زیستی علف‌های‌هرز

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 26، دی 1401، صفحه 62-78   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v13i2.2111-1016

نویسندگان

علیرضا کوچکی^{* 1}؛ مهدی نصیری محلاتی¹؛ محمد حسن هاتفی فرجیان²؛ مینا هوشمند²

¹گروه اگروتکنولوژی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشجوی دکتری بوم‌شناسی زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثرات نسبت­‌های کشت مخلوط سه‌­گانه تأخیری چغندرقند با نخود و ماش بر تراکم، زیست‌­توده و تنوع زیستی علف­‌های‌هرز، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل نسبت­‌های 25 درصد نخود (ماش)+75 درصد چغندرقند، 50 درصد نخود (ماش) +50 درصد چغندرقند، 75 درصد نخود (ماش)+25 درصد چغندرقند، کشت خالص نخود (ماش) و کشت خالص چغندرقند بود. نوع لگوم بسته به فصل رشد متغیر بود، به این ترتیب که در انتهای زمستان، نخود همراه با چغندرقند بود و پس از برداشت نخود، ماش در اواخر بهار در همان ردیف‌­های کاشت نخود، جایگزین شد. در ارزیابی شاخص­های تنوع علف‌­های‌هرز، بیشترین مقدار شاخص غنای گونه­‌ای مارگالف، در نسبت کشت 75 درصد نخود (ماش)+25 درصد چغندرقند و نسبت کشت 25 درصد نخود (ماش)+75 درصد چغندرقند به ترتیب به میزان 83/2 و 29/4 در مرحله اول و دوم نمونه­‌برداری مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار شاخص تنوع شانون- وینر، در نسبت کشت 75 درصد نخود (ماش)+25 درصد چغندرقند و نسبت کشت 50 درصد نخود (ماش)+50 درصد چغندرقند به ترتیب به میزان 6/0 و 76/0 در مرحله اول و دوم نمونه­برداری مشاهده شد. همچنین، بیشترین مقدار شاخص تنوع سیمپسون، در نسبت کشت 75 درصد نخود (ماش)+25 درصد چغندرقند و نسبت کشت 50 درصد نخود (ماش)+50 درصد چغندرقند به ترتیب به میزان 68/0 و 796/0 در مرحله اول و دوم نمونه‌­برداری مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص تنوع سیمپسون؛ شاخص تنوع شانون-وینر؛ شاخص غنای گونه‌ای مارگالف؛ نسبت کاشت

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