News

 Statistics

Number of Journals56
Number of Issues2,167
Number of Articles22,389
Article View101,034,307
PDF Download42,566,013
Nezami, A., Nabati, J., Kafi, M., Boroumand Rezazadeh, E., Solouki, H., Azari, S. (2022). Preliminary selection of desi chickpea genotypes to introduce cold tolerant cultivars for autumn planting in cold regions. , 13(2), 139-159. doi: 10.22067/ijpr.v13i2.2205-1037
Ahmad Nezami; Jafar Nabati; Mohammad Kafi; Elahe Boroumand Rezazadeh; Hessamoddin Solouki; Seyed Jalal Azari. "Preliminary selection of desi chickpea genotypes to introduce cold tolerant cultivars for autumn planting in cold regions". , 13, 2, 2022, 139-159. doi: 10.22067/ijpr.v13i2.2205-1037
Nezami, A., Nabati, J., Kafi, M., Boroumand Rezazadeh, E., Solouki, H., Azari, S. (2022). 'Preliminary selection of desi chickpea genotypes to introduce cold tolerant cultivars for autumn planting in cold regions', , 13(2), pp. 139-159. doi: 10.22067/ijpr.v13i2.2205-1037
Nezami, A., Nabati, J., Kafi, M., Boroumand Rezazadeh, E., Solouki, H., Azari, S. Preliminary selection of desi chickpea genotypes to introduce cold tolerant cultivars for autumn planting in cold regions. , 2022; 13(2): 139-159. doi: 10.22067/ijpr.v13i2.2205-1037

Preliminary selection of desi chickpea genotypes to introduce cold tolerant cultivars for autumn planting in cold regions

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران
Volume 13, Issue 2 - Serial Number 26, December 2022, Pages 139-159    PDF (1.5 M)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.22067/ijpr.v13i2.2205-1037
Authors
Ahmad Nezami* 1, 2; Jafar Nabati2; Mohammad Kafi1, 2; Elahe Boroumand Rezazadeh1; Hessamoddin Solouki1; Seyed Jalal Azari3
1Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2Department of Legumes, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction
In temperate climates, cool-season plants are usually grown in autumn. Due to the proper establishment of the plant in autumn, better use of rainfall, and avoidance of late-season heat and drought stresses, autumn planting leads to better plant stability and yield compared to spring planting. In chickpeas, autumn sowing increases plant height and nitrogen fixation. Scientists believe that autumn cultivation of chickpea leads to higher yields due to the longer vegetative growth period and coincides with the reproductive growth period with favorable humidity and temperature conditions. On the other hand, studies have shown that in severe freezing temperatures in cold regions, chickpea has a lower tolerance threshold than autumn cereals. This study aimed to evaluate the freezing tolerance of chickpea genotypes -desi type- in field conditions to select superior genotypes for autumn cultivation.
 
Materials and Methods
This study was conducted in the research farm station of the Faculty of Agriculture, the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2018. In this study, 255 desi type genotypes and a Kabuli type genotype (Saral) as control were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Seeds were provided from the Mashhad Chickpea Collection (Seed Bank of Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad). Planting was done in October with a density of 30 plants per square meter. Irrigation was done in three stages including immediately after planting, 14 days after the first irrigation, and at the flowering stage. To determine survival percentage, the number of plants for each genotype was counted 30 days after emergence and immediately after winter. Genotypes were classified into four groups (0-25, 26-50, 51-75 and 76-100% survival). Plant height, plant length, lowest pod height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, percentage of filled pods, plant dry weight, grain weight per plant, 100-seed weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index were measured at the end of the growing season.
Results and Discussion
The lowest minimum temperature during the growing season was -12°C. Results showed that among 255 genotypes, 25 genotypes were lost before freezing stress and 20 genotypes were lost by freezing stress. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes in terms of plant height, plant length, lowest pod height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, percentage of filled pods, plant dry weight, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index. The survival percentage of 39 genotypes was between 76 to 100%, 75 genotypes between 51 to 75%, 61 genotypes between 26 to 50%, and 55 genotypes less than 25%. Ten genotypes (MCC373, MCC658, MCC755, MCC212, MCC83, MCC864, MCC371, MCC756, MCC749 and MCC885) had a survival percentage higher than 90%. Plant height in 21 genotypes was higher than 50 cm and the lowest pod height in 47 genotypes was more than 15cm. The number of branches per plant increased as the survival range increased. Also, in different survival ranges, grain yield decreased as survival percentage decreased. The average grain yield in the survival range of 100-76% was 257 g.m-2, which was 24%, 2.5, and 8.6 times higher than the survival ranges of 51-75, 26-50, and 0-25%, respectively. No significant difference was found among survival ranges of 100-76, 75-51, and 50-26% according to the harvest index.
 
Conclusion
The results of cluster analysis of chickpea genotypes desi type under autumn cultivation showed that 230 studied genotypes were divided into four groups. The four groups included 106, 24, 43, and 57 genotypes, respectively. Standardized canonical coefficients of all traits except, the percentage of filled pods, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, and harvest index were significant in the first canonical diagnostic equation. These results show that these traits have the greatest impact on the diversity between genotypes. Based on the results of the analysis of the variance of groups, except for the percentage of filled pods and harvest index, a significant difference was observed between the groups in all studied traits. A comparison of the means of the groups showed that the genotypes of the second group had the highest mean survival percentage and then the fourth group was in the next rank. The difference between the means of these two groups with the total mean was 17.7 and 16.4%, respectively. The genotypes of the second group were superior to the genotypes of the other groups in terms of biomass yield and grain yield and produced 1252 and 606 g.m-2 more than the total average, respectively, then the genotypes of the fourth group were superior to the genotypes of the other groups. In general, due to the high yield in the cold-tolerant genotypes, autumn cultivation of desi-type chickpeas seems to be economical.
Keywords
Freezing; Harvest index; Plant height; Seed yield; Survival
References
  1. Andrews, J. 1996. How do plants survive ice? Annals of Botany 78: 529-536.
  2. Croser, S., Clarke, H.J., Siddique, K.H.M., and Khan, T.N. 2003. Low-temperature stress: implications for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) improvement. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 22(2): 185-219.
  3. Hossain, , Wang, X., Hamel, C., Knight, J. D., Morrison, M. J., and Gan, Y. 2016. Biological nitrogen fixation by pulse crops on semiarid Canadian prairies. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 97(1): 119-131.
  4. Huang, , Hussain, M.A., Luo, D., Xu, H., Zeng, C., Havlickova, L., Bancroft, I., Tian, Z., Zhang, X., Cheng, Y., and Zou, X. 2020. A Brassica napus reductase gene dissected by associative transcriptomics enhances plant adaption to freezing stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 11: 971.
  5. Iran Agriculture 2019. Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Iran. (in Persian).
  6. Jukanti, K., Gaur, P.M., Gowda, C.L.L., and Chibbar, R.N. 2012. Nutritional quality and health benefits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): a review. British Journal of Nutrition 108(1): 11-26.
  7. Kahraman, , Ceyhan, E., and Harmankaya, M. 2015. Nutritional variation and drought tolerance in chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Elementology 20(2): 331-341.
  8. Kang, M., and Saltveit, M.E. 2001. Activity of enzymatic antioxidant defence systems in chilled and heat shocked cucumber seedling radicles. Physiologia Plantarum 113: 548-556.
  9. Kanouni, 2004. Study of cold tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in fall-sown nurseries. Seed and Plant Improvment Journal 20(1): 89-99. (in Persian with English abstract).
  10. Knight, , Trewavas, A.J., and Knight, M.R. 1996. Cold calcium signaling in Arabidopsis involves two cellular pools and a changein calcium signature after acclimation. Plant Cell 8: 489-503.
  11. Lang, , Mantyla, E., Welin, B., Sundberg, B., and Palva, E.T. 1994. Alterations in water status, endogenous abscisic acid content, andexpression of rab18 gene during the development of freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiology 104: 1341-1349.
  12. McKersia, D., and Leshem, Y.Y. 1994. Stress and Stress Coping in Cultivated Plants. Kluwer Academic publishers, the Netherlands, 256 p.
  13. Mousavi K., and Pezeshkpoor P. 2006. Evaluation of Kaboli chickpea cultivars by sowing date on yield and its components of chickpea cultivars dryland condition. Journal of Iranian Agronomic Researches 2: 111-128. (in Persian).
  14. Mousavi, K., and Ahmadi, A. 2009. Response of weed society and their interference with sowing date on lens cultivars in Khoramabad dryland condition. Electronic Journal of Plant Production 2: 111-128. (in Persian).
  15. Najib Niya, , Nezami, A., Bagheri, A., and Porsa, H. 2008. Study of phenological and morphological characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cold tolerant genotypes in fall planting. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 6(1): 183-192. (in Persian).
  16. Nezami, , and Bagheri, A. 2006. Preliminary study of phenological characteristics, yield components and yield of chickpea genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.) in autumn sowing in Mashhad weather conditions. Agricultural Sciences and Technology 20(3): 71-80. (in Persian with English abstract).
  17. Nezami, , Pouramir, F., Momeni, S., Porsa, H., Ganjeali, A., and Bagheri, A. 2010. Evaluation of phenologic, morphologic and yield characteristics of chickpea germplasms in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Seed BankI. Deci type chickpeas'. Iranian Journal Pulses Research 1(2): 21-36. (in Persian).
  18. Nezami, , Sedaghat-Khahi, H., Porsa, H., Parsa, M., and Bagheri, A. 2010. Evaluating of the fall sowing cold tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes at supplementary irrigation in Mashhad conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 8(3): 415-423. (in Persian with English abstract).
  19. Orvar, L., Sangwan, V., Omann, F., and Dhindsa, R.S. 2000. Early steps in cold sensing by plant cells: the role of actin cytoskeleton and membrane fluidity. Plant Journal 23: 785-794.
  20. Özdemir, , and Karadavut, U. 2004. Comparison of the performance of autumn and spring sowing of chickpeas in a temperate region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 27(6): 345-352.
  21. Palta, P., and Simon, G. 2018. Breeding Potential for Improvement of Freezing Stress Resistance: Genetic Separation of Reezing Tolerance, Freezing Avoidance, and Capacity to Cold Acclimate. In: Advances in Plant Cold Hardiness. CRC Press. p. 299-310.
  22. Pearce, S., Quarrie, S.A., and Davies, W.J. 1999. Molecular analysis of acclimation to cold. Plant Growth Regulation 29: 47-76.
  23. Rezvani Moghadam, , and Sadeghisamarjan, R. 2007. Effect of different sowing dates and irrigation on morphological traits and yield of chickpea, ILC3279 cultivar in Neyshaboor condition. Journal of Iranian Agronomic Researches 6: 315-325. (in Persian with English abstract).
  24. Shafaei, M., Masoumi, A.A., and Roshan, H. 2016. Analysis of water absorption of bean and chickpea during soaking using Peleg model. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 15(2): 135-144.
  25. Singh, B. 1993. Problems and Prospects of Stress Resistance Breeding in Chickpea. In: K.B. Singh and M.C. Saxena (Eds.). Breeding for Stress Tolerance in Cool-Season Food Legumes, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. p. 17-37.
  26. Singh, B., Malhotra, R.S., Saxena, M.C., and Bejiga, G. 1997. Superiority of winter sowing over traditional spring sowing of chickpea in the Mediterranean region. Agronomy Journal 89: 112-118.
  27. Singh, B., Saxena, M.C., and Gridley, B.E. 1984. Screening Chickpea for Cold Tolerance and Frost Resistance. In: M.C. Saxena and K.B. Singh (Eds.). Ascochyta Blight and Winter Sowing of Chickpeas. The Netherlands. p. 167-177
  28. Tan, J., Yang, Y.C., Zhou, Y., Huang, L.P., Xu, L., Chen, Q.F., Yu, L.J., and Xiao, S. 2018. Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase and Diacylglycerol Kinase Modulate triacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid production in the plant response to freezing stress. Plant Physiology 177(3): 1303-1318.
  29. Thomashow, F. 1999. Plant cold acclimation. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 50: 571-599.
  30. Zafaranieh, 2015. Evaluating yield and phonological and morphological characteristics of chickpea genotypes in autumn cultivation under complementary irrigation regime and winter sowing in Mashhad. Journal of Crops Improvemen 17(1): 271-282. (in Persian with English abstract).
  31. Zhang, , Wang, Y., Bao, M., and Chan, Z. 2019. Physiological changes and DREB1s expression profiles of tall fescue in response to freezing stress. Scientia Horticulturae 245: 116-124.
Statistics
Article View: 53,871
PDF Download: 16,515


Journal Management System. Powered by Sinaweb