بررسی اثر مصرف زغال زیستی روی رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، فعالیت آنزیمی و عملکرد گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) در شرایط تنش آبی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 4، دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 60، تیر 1403، صفحه 265-286   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2023.79904.1134

نویسندگان

مرضیه قائدی¹؛ احسان بیژن زاده^{* 1}؛ مهدی نجفی قیری²؛ علی بهپوری¹؛ وحید براتی¹

¹بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع ‌طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران.

²بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی مصرف زغال زیستی و تنش آبی بر ویژگی‌های بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) پژوهشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه شیراز در فصل رشد 99- 1398 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری مطلوب و قطع آبیاری پس از گل‌دهی) و تیمار کودی شامل شاهد بدون کود، مصرف سه تن زغال زیستی گندم و یا پنبه در هکتار، 150 کیلوگرم اوره + 50 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل در هکتار، 5/112 کیلوگرم اوره + 5/37 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل در هکتار و 5/112 کیلوگرم اوره + 5/37 کیلوگرم سوپر فسفات تریپل + سه تن زغال­زیستی گندم و یا پنبه در هکتار بودند. در شرایط قطع آبیاری مصرف 5/112 کیلوگرم اوره + 5/37 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل + سه تن زغال زیستی گندم در هکتار به‌ترتیب میزان کلروفیل a و کل را 55 و 40 درصد، نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند. بالاترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در تیمار قطع آبیاری در گل‌دهی به‌دست آمد. همچنین، در شرایط تنش آبی کاربرد 5/112 کیلوگرم اوره + 5/37 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل + سه تن زغال زیستی پنبه، سبب افزایش محتوای نسبی آب برگ، عملکرد زیست‌توده و دانه به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 03/53، 05/22 و 7/34 درصد گردید. به‌طور کلی، کاربرد 5/112 کیلوگرم اوره + 5/37 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل + سه تن زغال زیستی پنبه در هکتار، در شرایط تنش آبی باعث بهبود محتوای نسبی آب برگ، تعداد دانه در طبق، تعداد طبق بارور در بوته و در نهایت، عملکرد دانه گلرنگ شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پراکسیداز؛ تعداد دانه در طبق؛ قطع آبیاری؛ کاتالاز؛ کلروفیل

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